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WGU C475 Care of the Older Adult - Adult DPV1 best Study Guide.
WGU C475 Care of the Older Adult - Adult DPV1 best Study Guide.
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WGU C475 Care of the Older Adult -Adult DPV1 best Study Guide
Baby Boomers - ✔are aging adults born from 1946-1964. They will reach retirement
starting around 2011-2030.
Geriatrician - ✔a physician, board certified in geriatrics, who specializes in the care of
the elderly
Geriatrics - ✔The branch of medicine concerned with the problems of aging
Gerontology - ✔Study of aging; broad category that includes several areas (sociology of
aging, psychology, economics of aging
Ageism - ✔Prejudice towards elderly
Alzheimer's - ✔betaamyloid plaques and neurofibrillary plaques
Age - ✔Old Old= 85+ years
Older Adult= 65 years of age or older
Types of Care Facilities - ✔Acute Care Hospital (ACH) - point of entry into the health
care system for older adults.
Acute Rehabilitation (Rehab)- may be found in several settings. Uses the
interdisciplinary team of nurses, therapists, and physicians. Goal is to maximize
independence, promote maximal function, prevent complications, and promote quality of
life within each person's strengths and limitations. Level of intensity depends on setting
and patient.
Home Health Care- For independent living home-bound adults who require a longer
period of observation or care from nurses. Can include PT/OT, & speech therapy.
Hospice- holistic, interdisciplinary care that helps the dying person "live until they die."
Includes palliative care and pain management and comfort care.
Long-term Care Facility (a.k.a. nursing home)- provides 24 hr support care to any age
who have lost some or all their capacity for self-care due to illness, disability, or
dementia
Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNFs)- subacute or transitional care are for those patients
requiring more intensive nursing care than provided in Long-term care.
Alzheimer's Care- dedicated specifically for Alzheimer and Dementia care.
Respite Care- provides time off for family members who are caretakers. Care can be at
adult daycare center, in the home, or in an assisted living facility or LTC
Continuing care retirement community (CCRC)- group care in independent living to
assisted living, LTC, or skilled
, Assisted Living- alternative who do not feel safe living alone, who wish to live in a
community setting, or who need some additional help with ADLs. They each have their
own apartment or room.
Foster care/Group Homes- adults who can do most ADLs but have safety issues and
require supervision with some activities.
Green House Concept- new concept of a home environment with 8-10 residents in
private rooms with open kitchen and still receive assistance.
Adult Day Care- Adult day services are community based group programs designed to
meet the needs of functionally and/or cognitively impaired adults through and individual
plan of care. Less than 24 hour care.
five racial groups - ✔Caucasian/non-Hispanic whites/European Americans
African American
Hispanic
Asians and Pacific Islanders
American Indians and Alaskan Natives
Maslows Psychological Theories of Aging - ✔Physiological
Safety & Security
Love & Belonging
Selft-esteem
Self-actualization
Dysarthria - ✔is disturbed articulation caused by disturbance in the control of the
speech muscles. This disturbance is caused by brain lesions in motor areas in the
central nervous system or the brain stem or disruption in the coordination of information
from the basal ganglia, cerebellum, and motor neurons. Dysarthria-related lesions can
be caused by stroke, brain tumor, degenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, or toxins.
The location of the brain lesion determines the nature of the disturbance, which can
manifest in many ways, with the most severe form being anarthria (complete inability to
move the articulators for speech). People with dysarthria may present with slurred
speech, breathiness, slow or rapid rate of speech, limited mouth or facial movement,
monotonous voice, or weak articulation. A person who has dysarthria may be able to
read, write, and gesture normally and comprehension may remain intact
Aphasia - ✔is the most common language disorder in the elderly and occurs in up to a
third of the patients in an acute phase following stroke. Aphasia is an inability to express
or understand the meaning of words due to damage in the language areas. Damage is
most frequently due to stroke in the left hemisphere, but can be due to brain tumor,
trauma, infection, dementia, or surgery. In addition to spoken language, writing, reading,
and the ability to gesture also may be impaired
Changes of aging that could affect therapeutic communication - ✔Visual
communication- position objects within their visual field. This includes positioning
yourself within their visual field when speaking with the person. This helps the person to
locate the object of conversation and to orient him or her to the topic of conversation.
, When assisting elders with their care needs, it may be useful to give them a verbal
indication of the actions you are about to impart, so as to avoid startling or scaring them
needlessly. It may be necessary to assist the person in labeling objects or to simplify
what is in their visual field.
Hearing communication- Do not shout. Project voice from the diaphragm (deepens
tone). Make use of the person's other unipaired senses. Stand in front of them if they
can lip read. Speak into the good ear. Make sure the hearing aid is turned on. Use
gestures or objects to assist communication. Limit background noise. Allow adequate
time for a response. Use short sentences and speak clearly. Enunciate words. Write
things out.
Speech Communication-individuals with speech or language difficulties might be more
anxious or self-aware. Limit distractions, make eye contact, position yourself in front of
the person. Use facial or body language. Use written communication. Use short
complete sentences. Summarize message for accuracy. Take your time.
Satir's Basic principles for Communication - ✔invite, arrange, environment, maximize
communication, maximize understanding, and follow through
Types of Hearing Aids - ✔BTE (Behind the ear)- 1 inch long and worn behind the outer
ear. A small tube connects with the amplification device behind the ear and delivers
amplified sound into the ear canl. The device has an adjustable volume control and is
battery powered. It is the most common style of hearing aid. These devices are suitable
for the entire range of hearing loss.
OTE (Over the ear)- This is a new style that is very small and sits on top of the outer
ear.
ITE (in the ear)- ITEs are custom-fitted devices molded to the contour of the outer ear.
The device has an adjustable volume control and a batter, however, both are much
smaller than ones used in a BTE device. Some users have difficulty seeing or
manipulating the control and battery. These devices are used for mild to moderate
hearing loss.
ITC (in the canal)- ITCs are tiny devices that fit into the ear canal and are barely
visable. They are customized to fit the size and shape of the ear canal. Although
cosmetically appealing, their small size is a drawback for some individuals.
CIC (completely in the canal)- CICs are smallest type of device in the in-the-ear class.
The entire device fits within the canal. Although cosmetically flattering, the small size is
a true disadvantage because of difficulty handling and positioning the device. This
device is the most expensive model of hearing aid.
AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication) - ✔refers to all forms of
communication that enhance or supplement speech and writing, either, temporarily or
permanently. AAC can both enhance (augmentative) and replace (alternative)
conventional forms of expression for people who can't communicate through speech,
writing, or gestures.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) - ✔was convened by the U.S. Public
Health Service to systemically review the evidence of effectiveness of clinical preventive
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