Mendelian Genetics Test Latest Update 100% Pass

Mendelian Genetics Test Latest Update 100% Pass allele one form or version of a gene genotype the two alleles inherited for a particular gene; the genetic make up of a trait; the "genes" phenotype an individual's observable traits, such as height, eye color, and blood type; "Physical" traits dominant the allele in a genotype that masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus on a chromosome recessive the allele in a genotype that is frequently masked by a second allele at the same locus on a chromosome homozygous description of a genotype of an individual who has two of the same allele, either dominant or recessive heterozygous description of a genotype of an individual who has two different alleles, one dominant and the other recessive Law of Segregation the principle, originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor separate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent Law of Independent Assortment the principle, originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors line up independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together complete or simple dominance type of dominance that occurs when an inherited trait is coded for by a single gene and that gene has two versions, or alleles: the dominant version and the recessive version, where the dominant version masks the recessive version sex-linked traits traits that are caused by genes that are found on the X and Y chromosomes P generation parent generation F1 generation first generation (offspring of the parent generation) F2 generation second generation (offspring of the F1 generation) monohybrid cross cross that follows just ONE trait dihybrid cross cross that follows TWO traits test cross involves the breeding of a phenotypically dominant individual (HH or Hh) with a phenotypically recessive individual (hh), in order to determine the genotype of the former by analyzing proportions of offspring phenotypes pedigree the recorded ancestry, especially upper-class ancestry, of a person or family heredity passing of traits from parents to their offspring, either through reproduction pure-bred or true-breeding an individual with a homozygous genotype hybrid an individual with a heterozygous genotype trait a genetically determined characteristic Gregor Mendel The Father of Genetics - an Austrian monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his garden Punnett square a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment gene a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring homologous chromosomes A set of chromosomes - one from each parent 46 the number of chromosomes that humans have Traits of pea plants that Mendel studied Pea shape (round or wrinkled) Pea color (green or yellow) Pod shape (constricted or inflated) Pod color (green or yellow) Flower color (purple or white) Plant size (tall or dwarf) Position of flowers (axial or terminal) Law of Dominance States that one of the factors for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive Genetics the study of the inheritance of traits