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Pathophysiology Study Guide 1
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the study of the causes of a disease - Etiology a tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape - Dysplasia when a group of cells in the body dies - Necrosis wasting of skeletal muscle - Atrophy ingestion of foreign material or cell debris by white blood cells (a bacterial ca...

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  • August 2, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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Pathophysiology Study Guide 1

the study of the causes of a disease - Etiology



a tissue in which the cells vary in size and shape - Dysplasia



when a group of cells in the body dies - Necrosis



wasting of skeletal muscle - Atrophy



ingestion of foreign material or cell debris by white blood cells (a bacterial capsule can provide some
protection) - Phagocytosis



significant change in the proportion of one type of WBC - Leukocytosis



replacement of damaged tissue by similar cells - Regeneration



cells which are required to process and present antigens from foreign material as the initial step in the
immune response. - Macrophage



involved in humoral immunity - B Lymphocytes



transplant rejection by the recipient's immune system - Host-vs.-Graft disease



thrives in the absence of oxygen - Anaerobe



change in the genetic information of a microbe - Microbial mutation



infection acquired in a hospital or medical facility - Nosocomial infection

, a healthy person whose body harbors pathogens and can transmit them to others - Carrier



assumes that all body fluids from all individuals are possible sources of infection - Universal Precautions



time between entry of the pathogen into the body and the first signs of illness - Incubation period



benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue - Lipoma



malignant neoplasms arising from connective tissue - Sarcoma



Spreading of a malignant tumor (e.g. malignant brain tumors often spread to other parts of the CNS) -
Metastasis



the process causing cancer, usually results when there is an irreversible change in DNA - Carcinogenesis



when a body is unable to maintain homeostasis - Disease is



contains a protein coat and DNA or RNA, uses a host cell to reproduce, is stopped by antiviral drugs
which reduce the rate of viral replication - viruses



caused by various factors including microorganisms (viruses & bacteria) - Disease can be



for example, systemic signs can include fever - Manifestations of disease are the signs and symptoms of
disease



given once a disease is diagnosed which indicates the predicted outcome of recover - prognosis



some with more promising prognoses (flu), others with less promising prognoses (cancer or malignant
neoplasm). - There are many diseases

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