EVOLUTION FINAL EXAM quiz questions | latest 2023/2024

EVOLUTION FINAL EXAM quiz questions | latest 2023/2024 Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the evolution of drug resistance in a virus: - even before the drug is administered, some virions might be resistant Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution? a) Beak size in a population of birds becomes larger from one generation to the next because larger beaked birds had higher reproductive success and passed the trait to their offspring b) Over long periods of time whales gradually lost their hindlimbs c) When traveling to high altitude, human physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen levels d) All of the above are examples of evolution - c Based on current fossil evidence: a) whales were likely fully aquatic before they evolved peg-like teeth or baleen b) evolution of baleen forced whales to become fully aquatic c) the teeth of extinct whales such as Dorudon were similar to those of extinct land mammals d) a and c are correct e) b and c are correct - d Based on the fossil record, scientists believe that long-term historic changes in cetacean diversity were driven by: a) changes in the abundance of diatoms, one of their main food sources b) changes in the abundance of diatoms, which serve as food for animals that were preyed upon by cetaceans c) changes in sea temperature rising pollution levels in the ocean d) changes in the abundance of organisms that prey on cetaceans - b Which of the following would explain why viruses such as influenza evolve so rapidly: a) they have a high mutation rate b) they have a high replication rate c) they can undergo viral reassortment d) none of the above e) all of the above - e Which of the following was NOT proposed by Darwin? a) genetic drift b) sexual selection c) DNA as the hereditary material d) a and c e) b and c - d Which of the following is/are NOT critical for Darwin's idea for natural selection: a) differences in traits can influence reproductive success b) individuals exhibit variation, with no two individuals the same c) the traits that individuals exhibit can change during their lifetime d) none of these are critical e) all of these are critical - c On what point(s) would Charles Darwin and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck have disagreed: a) organisms change over time b) adaptation occurs when individuals change to adapt to their environment c) species give rise to new species d) they would have disagreed on all of the points e) they would have agreed on all of these points - b Both Darwin and Wallace were inspired by the writings of English clergyman Thomas Malthus. What did his work suggest? - populations will tend to overproduce and outstrip the available resources The idea of stratigraphy - that the oldest layers of rock will be found at the bottom of a sequence and the younger layers will be found above them - was first recognize by which scientist? - Nicolaus Steno Why was Lord Kelvin's estimate for the age of the Earth inaccurate? a) Because he failed to account for plate tectonics and how that might affect heat flow b) Because he could not directly measure the age of any rock c) Because he used a model to generate a prediction for the age of the earth d) Because he could not estimate cooling of rocks found deeper than in mines - a The oldest currently known fossil of a land animal is: - a millipede Why will the fossil record never be complete? - most organisms don't fossilize well Tetrapods include: a) organisms descended from ancestors with four limbs b) birds c) whales d) all of the above - all of the above