IV Therapy Final Exam questions and answers verified 100%

IV Therapy Final Exam questions and answers verified 100% What equipment and supplies are needed for initiation of IV therapy? - cannulas, tourniquets, clean gloves, site cleansing agent, IV solution, IV tubing, IV pole, extension tubing, and dressing Using what gauge, what length catheter and in the what vein will reduce the mechanical and chemical irritation to the vein wall? - smallest gauge, shortest length, and largest vein What gauges do cannulas range? - 14 to 26 What length do over-the needle catheters range? - 3/4 to 3 inches What length do butterfly style cannulas range? - 3/4 to 2 inches What are the advantages of using extension tubing with over-the needle cannulas? - loops tubing away from the insertion site preventing dislodgement and mechanical irritation if pulled, tubing can be changed away from the insertion site, and decreased cannula manipulation and risk for contamination What gauge is used for children and elderly patients? - 22 to 26 gauge What gauge is used for medical patients and postoperative patients? - 20 to 24 gauge What gauge is used for surgical patients and rapid blood administration? - 18 gauge What gauge is used for trauma patients and those requiring large volumes of fluid rapidly? - 14 to 16 gauge What is the purpose of the protective caps at each end of the administration set and when should they be removed? - to keep both ends of the tubing sterile until immediately prior to use What parts of the IV therapy equipment must remain sterile? - catheter, tubing insertion spike, and stylet A bag of intravenous solution should not hang longer than how many hours? - 24 hours How often should intravenous tubing be changed? - 72 to 96 hours How often should IV sites be changed? - 96 hours How often should a gauze dressing be changed? - 48 hours How often should a transparent dressing be changed? - 7 days What type of administration set (tubing) should be used for nonrigid containers (bags)? - nonvented What type of administration set (tubing) should be used for solutions supplied in glass containers? - vented What gtt/mL is macrodrip tubing? - 10 gtt/mL, 15 gtt/mL, 16 gtt/mL, and 20 gtt/mL What gtt/mL is microdrip tubing? - 60 gtt/mL What kind of tubing set do you use to infuse a solution rapidly? - macrodrip What kind of tubing set do you use to infuse a solution slowly? - microdrip A physician's order for IV therapy must contain what components? - date of order, type of fluid solution, volume, and length of infusion time If medication is ordered, identify what additional components to the order must be present. - date, drug, dose, frequency of drug, length of infusion time, and dilution strength True or False: Prior to initiating IV therapy, the nurse must check the expiration date on the solution, and inspect the solution and container for particles, discoloration, cracks, leaks, or punctures. - true What is time tape? What is the advantage of using time tape? Should you write directly on the solution container with a marker? Why or why not? - monitors IV fluid/medication delivery. You can quickly see if the rate of IV delivery needs to be adjusted. You should not write directly on IV solution bag as it is absorbed through the IV plastic bag What is the difference between IV push (IVP) or bolus versus intermittent IV therapy? Do LPNs administer IVP medications? - IVP is a medication given directly into the IV line and is pushed over a set time identified in IV Medication books, ie, Lasix 10mg over 1 min. A bolus is directly pushed into the IV line at a steady rate, ie 50% dextrose. LPNs do NOT give IVP medications Describe how to regulate an IV infusing by gravity. How high should the solution be positioned above the infusion site? - The nurse has to first figure out how many gtt/min to deliver the specific amount of fluid or the dose of medication. Using a watch with a second hand and using a manual controller to either speed up the gtt/min or the slow the gtt/ml. IV bag should be 36 inches above insertion site What is the difference between an electronic pump and a controller? - electronic pump controls IV fluid infusion by a computer and controller is controlled manually (gravity drip) by the nurse True or false: an infusion pump will stop administering an IV solution is an IV infiltrates. - false True or false: The best time to change the tubing is when the IV solution bag is changed. - true True or false: IV tubing sets will remain sterile for 72 hours even when the patient is receiving blood and fat emulsions. - false True or false: IV bags should be replaced when there is 200 cc left in the bag. - false True or false: The drop factor for microdrip tubing is 10gtt/mL. - false True or false: An IV running too slowly has the potential to clot. - true True or false: A sudden increase in the amount of solution infused may result in a patient's death. - true True or false: IV tubing is tagged with the date and time to indicate when tubing replacement is necessary. - true True or false: Failure to prime IV tubing with solution and remove air bubbles my result is a patient's death. - true What is the location of the basilic vein? - medial side of arm (little finger side) What are the advantages of the basilic vein? - large and easy to see; 16 to 22 gauge What are the disadvantages of the basilic vein? - rolls, difficult to stabilize location (put arm across chest, stand on opposite side of bed) What is the location of the cephalic vein? - lateral aspect (thumb side) of arm What are the advantages of the cephalic vein? - large, easy to access, 16 to 22 gauge; good for irritants