Oncology Nursing 100% Verified Solution Update 2023/2024

Oncology Nursing 100% Verified Solution Update 2023/2024 Primary Prevention: things we can control - Answer-Tobacco use DIET Lifestyle Choices Occupational Exposures Environmental Exposures Stay away from all forms of tobacco Get to and stay at a healthy weight Get moving with regular physical activity Eat healthy with plenty of fruits and vegetables Limit how much alcohol you drink (if you drink at all) Protect your skin Know yourself, your family history, and your risks Get regular check-ups and cancer screening tests Secondary Prevention: Screening guidelines for breast cancer - Answer-Females Age 40-44 should have the choice to start annual breast cancer screening with mammograms if they wish 45 - 54 years: Mammogram every year 55 and older: Mammograms every two years or continue annual screening Screening should continue as long as women is in good health and expected to live 10 years or longer Secondary Prevention: Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cervical Cancer, American Cancer Society - Answer-Cervical cancer screening should begin at age 21. (Women under 21 should not be tested.) Women 21-29 should have a pap test every three years. HPV testing should not be used in this age group unless needed after an abnormal pap test Women 30-65 should have a pap test plus HPV test every 5 years. Women over 65 who have had regular cervical cancer screening with normal results should not be tested. Some women because of health history (DES exposure, HIV infection) may need a different screening schedule. Talk with physician. Screening after a total hysterectomy (with removal of the cervix) is not necessary unless the surgery was done as a treatment for cervical cancer. Secondary Prevention: Screening guidelines for early detection of prostate cancer (ACS) - Answer- Men, starting at age 50, should talk with physician about pros and cons of testing If men decide to be tested, will include prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test with or without a digital rectal examination (DRE). Frequency of testing will depend on PSA level. Men at high risk (African-American men and men with a strong family history of one or more firstdegree relatives diagnosed with prostate cancer at an early age) should talk with physician about testing starting at age 45. Secondary Prevention: Screening guidelines for early detection of colon cancer (ACS) - Answer-Start regular screening at age 45 via stool based test or colonoscopy Continue regular screening through age 75 colonoscopy every ten years People who are at moderate or high risk for colorectal cancer should talk with a doctor about a different testing schedule Causes of cancer - carcinogenesis - Answer-En