ATI TEAS VII Online Practice B - Science

Which of the following is the gland on a hair follicle that supplies the hair shaft and the skin with oily secretions? Eccrine gland Apocrine gland Sebaceous gland Ceruminous gland - Sebaceous gland Sebaceous glands are flask-shaped with short ducts that open into hair follicles. They produce sebum, an oily secretion. Acid reflux is a condition in which the gastric juices of the stomach flow backward into the esophagus. Which of the following causes acid reflux? The cardiac sphincter does not close tightly. Peristalsis occurs slowly in the esophagus. Excess gastric juices are produced by the stomach. The pH value for gastric juices is increased. - The cardiac sphincter does not close tightly. Acid reflux occurs when gastric juices, which otherwise stay inside the stomach, flow backward into the esophagus because the cardiac sphincter does not close tightly. When calculating population growth, which of the following equations is appropriate? (Emigrants - immigrants) + (births - deaths) (Immigrants - emigrants) + (births - deaths) (Births + deaths) - (emigrants + immigrants) (Births - deaths) - (immigrants + emigrants) - (Immigrants - emigrants) + (births - deaths) This calculation correctly adds the difference between people entering (immigration and births) and leaving the population (emigrants and deaths). Which of the following is true of enzyme-catalyzed reactions?The enzyme is not consumed in the reaction. The substrate is produced in the active site. The substrate remains unchanged during the reaction. The enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction. - The enzyme is not consumed in the reaction. The enzyme lowers the energy required to initiate the reaction without being consumed in the process. Which of the following bones is the large, fused bone of the upper jaw that contains teeth? Mandible Maxilla Vomer Clavicle - maxilla The maxilla refers to the large, fused bone of the upper jaw. It is formed by the fusion of the left and right maxillary bones. Which of the following is the main function of bile juices? Breaking down proteins Emulsifying fats Detoxifying poisons Digesting carbohydrates - Emulsifying fats Bile juices contain surfactants that aid in fat emulsification and increase surface area for its digestion by lipases from the small intestine and pancreas. "Dark matter" is a form of energy proposed to explain the repulsive forces between matter in the universe. It has never been observed directly. Which of the following is the best rationale for many scientists' contention that it exists? It serves as a working hypothesis to explain real observations in the universe. A basic scientific principle is to consider everything possible until proven otherwise. Since light energy exists in the universe, dark energy must also exist. Light energy from distant stars is very faint because it is absorbed by dark energy. - It serves as a working hypothesis to explain real observations in the universe.Often scientists will make such a working hypothesis and assume an entity that fits the observed data. This strategy allows for experimental testing. Which of the following cells rid the body of dust and other particles that enter the lungs? Alveoli Macrophages Sertoli cells Erythrocytes - Macrophages Alveolar macrophages are abundant in the lungs and remove particles that escape entrapment by mucus. In chickens, feather color can be white (WW), black (BB), or speckled (BW). A cross between a black-feathered chicken and a white-feathered chicken produces speckled-feathered chickens. Which of the following is the outcome of a cross between two F1 offspring? 1 BB: 1 BW: 1 WW 1 BB: 2 BW: 1 WW 2 BB: 1 BW: 1 WW 1 BB: 1 BW: 2 WW - 1 BB: 2 BW: 1 WW