Exam (elaborations)
Respiratory Exam - Critical Care – Q’s & A’s
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- Critical Care
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- Critical Care
Respiratory Exam - Critical Care – Q’s & A’s
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Respiratory Exam - Critical Care – Q’s & A’sInvoluntary control of resp rate, resp depth, & heart rate & BP Ans -
Medulla Oblongata
Allows communication between the two hemispheres of the brain Ans -
Pons
Allows voluntary mechanism to control respiration (ex- yoga and meditation)
Ans -Motor Cortex
Signals resp. muscles to breathe Ans -Stretch receptors
Detect decreases CO2 & O2 (sends message to medulla) Ans -
Chemoreceptors
Breathing in increases -- pressure Ans -Positive
Breathing out increases -- pressure Ans -Negative
The amount of air reaching the alveoli is known as Ans -Ventilation
Exchange of a gas across a membrane Ans -Diffusion
The amount of blood reaching the alveoli is known as Ans -Perfusion
What is the ratio of ventilation/perfusion? Ans -1:1
If the upper airway is obstructed, what sound will you hear? Ans -Stridor
Upper airway obstructions are usually the result of -- Ans -Foreign body
obstruction
If the lower airway is obstructed, what sound will you hear? Ans -
Wheezes
Crackles
Pleural rub
Absent breath sounds
, Normal hemoglobin Ans -12-18
Normal hematocrit Ans -45
Normal PAO2 Ans -80-100
Normal CO2 Ans -35-45
Normal HCO3 (bicarb) Ans -22-28
BNP results Ans -▪ 100 or less is normal
▪ 100-300 mild
▪ 300-600 moderate
▪ 600-900 is severe
What medication would we give with an abnormal BNP? Ans -Lasix
Pneumonia shows up initially as a -- Ans -Pleural Effusion
Treatment of pneumonia Ans -Early introduction of antibiotics, usually
within 6 hours of admission
How often should oral care be done on an intubated patient? Ans -Every 2
hours
Pneumonia can be considered hospital acquired if the patient develops
pneumonia after -- hours of admission Ans -48 hours
If a patient vomits while intubated, what can we assume? Ans -They
aspirated some of it-- let the physician know asap
Most common cause of ventilator acquired pneumonia? Ans -Insufficient
oral care
S/S of pneumonia Ans -Tachypnea / tachycardia
Chills, fever, flushing, diaphoresis
Productive cough
Crackles
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