Med Surg Exam 1 (A+ GRADED)

Which patients are at risk for fluid volume excess? A. 64 year old male with a diagnosis of kidney failure B. 46 year old male who is training for a marathon C. 35 year old male with diarrhea and vomiting for the past 2 days D. 83 year old female with a diagnosis of a stroke and has trouble talking correct answers A Which solution is considered a hypertonic IV solution? A. 0.9% sodium chloride B. Total parenteral nutrition C. 0.45% sodium chloride D. Lactated Ringers solution correct answers B What happens to the size of cells within the tissues when an isotonic IV solution is administered? A. Cells enlarge B. Cells shrink C. The size of the cells remain unchanged correct answers C True or False: The principle intracellular cation in the body is sodium. correct answers False A nurse is planning care for a client with a fluid volume deficit. Which of the following are appropriate nursing actions? (Select all that apply) A. Administer a diuretic B. Turn the patient at least ever two hours C. infuse a hypertonic IV solution as ordered D. Teach the patient to sit on the side of bed first before standing E. Assess the patient's level of consciousness and mental status correct answers B, D, E The nurse recognizes which of the following statements are true regarding Fluid Volume Deficit/dehydration in older adults? (Select all that apply) A. The kidneys are less able to concentrate urine B. Diuretics and laxative use can increase fluid loss C. The perception of thirst increases with age in older adults D. Poor skin turgor is a reliable indicator of dehydration in the elderly E. Lack of air conditioning in hot weather is a risk factor for fluid volume deficit correct answers A, B, E Tachycardia is present in which type of fluid imbalance? A. Fluid volume excess B. Fluid volume deficit C. Both fluid volume excess and fluid volume deficit correct answers C Decreased serum osmolality is present in which type of fluid imbalance? A. Fluid volume excess B. Fluid volume deficit