Exam (elaborations)
APRN Cancer – Pathophysiology – Qs And As
APRN Cancer – Pathophysiology – Qs And As
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APRN Cancer – Pathophysiology – Qs And AsIn which cell function is BRCA1, a gene mutated in women with familial breast
carcinoma, involved? ✔️Ans - Transcriptional regulation and DNA repair
A mutation of a somatic cell is passed along to any offspring ✔️Ans - False
Basal metabolic rates of people with cancer are usually __________ than normal.
✔️Ans - Higher
Autocrine stimulation is the ability of cancer cells to: ✔️Ans - secrete
growth factors that stimulate their own growth
Familial cancers are associated with all of these, except ✔️Ans -
spontaneous development across generations
What are characteristics of "cancer in situ"?
-Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.
-Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.
-Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
-Cellular and tissue changes indicate dysplasia ✔️Ans - Cells remain
localized in the glandular or squamous cells.
What are tumor cell markers? ✔️Ans - Hormones, enzymes, antigens, and
antibodies produced by cancer cells
What is the consequence for cells when the functioning TP53 gene is lost due
to mutation? ✔️Ans - Cells escape apoptosis.
What is the primary role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic
fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-
a) in cell metastasis? ✔️Ans - To develop new blood vessels to feed cancer
cells
Which of the following describes a malignant cell? Select all that apply.
✔️Ans - -Rapid growth
-Invasive
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