Exam (elaborations)
Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Review – Qs & As
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- Clinical Nurse Specialist
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- Clinical Nurse Specialist
Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Review – Qs & As
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Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Review – Qs & AsConceptualization of CNS role ✔️Ans - domains of practice spheres of
influence
1.Patient/client- Evidence based care incorporating best practice
2. Nurses & Nursing practice- staff education to improve care outcomes
3. Organizations/ Systems- safe, cost effective, quality care delivered across
the care continuum
Flo Jo ✔️Ans - Founder of modern nursing
Major concepts: nursing, person, health and environment
believe environment influenced health
first nurse researcher - scientific inquiry and statistics
Primary Prevention ✔️Ans - PREVENTING a disease process
example: exercising, smoking cessation
Secondary Prevention ✔️Ans - SCREENING
Example: mammograms, pap, cholesterol screening
Tertiary Prevention ✔️Ans - TREATING/ Therapy
example: post stroke program, rehab, pt/ot, preventing complications
Nurse Sensitive outcome ✔️Ans - elements of patient care that are directly
affected by nursing practice
example:
Falls
Pt complications
,Patient/client Sphere Activities ✔️Ans - Direct Care:
-Monitoring
-Delivering Care
-Supporting Pt/family
Indirect Care:
-managing all aspects of care
-consulting as expert
Nurse Sphere Activities ✔️Ans - Formal Education
-providing needed education to ALL LEVELS of nursing staff
Informal Education:
-Providing support & information to staff as needed/PRN
Organization/System Sphere Activities ✔️Ans - -Improving care quality by
implanting best practice
-translating evidence into practice
-internal, external & professional committee work
Family Assessment ✔️Ans - Assess all aspects of family dynamics to
identify problems
synthesize data to identify dx
develop plan of care
evaluate outcomes
Maslow Hierarchy of basic needs ✔️Ans - 1.BASIC: Food, shelter
2.SAFETY: security, door locks, lighting, employment resources
3. BELONGING: love, comfort, family, friends
4. TRUST: control over lifestyle, pain, choices
5. SELF-ESTEEM: Status, pride, confidence
,6.SEL-ACTUALIZATION: Satisfying relationships, values, creativity, self-
direction
Erik Erikson: Developmental Stages ✔️Ans - 1.ADOLESCENT: Identify vs
Role confusion
2.YOUNG ADULT: Intimacy vs isolation
3. MIDDLE AGE: Generavity vs stagnation
4.OLDER Adults: Integrity vs Despair
R.J. Havighurst- Developmental Tasks of Aging ✔️Ans - 1. adjusting to loss
2.Adapting to change
3. Accepting life's experiences
4. Undergoing role changes
5. Preparing for death
Community Assessment ✔️Ans - Assessment of physical, psychological,
sociological and environmental aspects of community
design appropriate interventions
evaluate outcomes
Risk Assessment ✔️Ans - Importance of risk assessment in PREVENTION
of illness/complications can't be overstated
assessment tools:
braden scale, fall risk, VTE Risk assessment
Risk Assessment: CNS Role ✔️Ans - -Continual assessment
-Collects data
-Develops individualized differentials
-Evaluates and adjusts plan of care to improve outcome
-Prepares patients prior to stressful procedures to relieve stress/anxiety
Needs Assessment Methodologies ✔️Ans - -Secondary Data use
-Focus groups
-in-depth interviews
-community forums/public meetings
-Surveys
, Steps in Needs Assessments ✔️Ans - 1. Determine Population
2. Review/collect subjective/objective data about target population
3. conducts root-cause analysis
Needs Assessment/ Gap Analysis ✔️Ans - Goal is to improve care by
implemented best practices based on research evidence
Needs Assessment is best way to identify Gaps
Gaps: difference between what currently exists & what the evidence shows
SWOT Analysis
(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis) ✔️Ans -
framework for identifying and analyzing the internal and external factors that
can have an impact on the viability of a project, product, place or person
-Identifies Clinical problems
5 Sub-roles of CNS ✔️Ans - 1.Clinical Expert
2.Educator
3.Consultant
4.Researcher
5.Clinical, Professional & Systems Leader
Disease ✔️Ans - -Structural, physiological, biochemical disorders,
conditions assessed at a tissue or organ level
Results in medical diagnosis
Illness ✔️Ans - Subjective experiences or symptoms expressed by clients
Results in Nursing diagnosis
CBC: RBC's ✔️Ans - Male- 4.7-6.1
Female- 4.2-5.4
Hemoglobin ✔️Ans - Male: 15-18g/dl
Female: 12-16g/dl
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