Physical Assessment Final Exam – Questions With
Complete Solutions
What is the normal function of the kidneys? ✔️Ans -unimpeded blood flow
in/out of kidney, intact nephrons
What is the normal function of the ureters & urethra? ✔️Ans -unimpeded
urine flow
What is the normal function of the bladder? ✔️Ans -intact sensory/motor
nerve function, intact sphincter and detrusor muscle function, and
maintenance of sterile urine
What are the symptoms of prerenal azotemia? ✔️Ans -systemic
hypoperfusion, dehydration, third spacing, sepsis
What is postrenal azotemia? ✔️Ans -obstruction of urine flow (urinary
urgency, pain, dysuria, inability to void or void bladder completely)
What does it mean if CVA tenderness has been ruled out? ✔️Ans -no kidney
involvement
Who has a longer urethra? What does that mean? ✔️Ans -men, it's why we
don't get UTIs and when we do they're "complicated"
What is a common cause of urinary obstruction in men? ✔️Ans -BPH
CVD can mimic... ✔️Ans -panic attacks
Hypothyroidism can mimic... ✔️Ans -depression
Brain Tumors can mimic... ✔️Ans -hallucinations
In what ways can mental health affect physical health? ✔️Ans -medication
adherence, metabolic ADR
What visual tools can assess mental health? ✔️Ans -dress, body language,
mood changes, eye contact
, What is the "proper" terminology for suicide? ✔️Ans -"completing" suicide,
not "committing"
What defines a high risk level for suicide? ✔️Ans -multiple risk factors, no
or no relevant protective factors, and potentially lethal suicide
attempt/persistent ideation with strong intent/suicide rehearsal
What defines a moderate risk for suicide? ✔️Ans -multiple risk factors, few
protective factors, suicidal ideation w/ plan but no intent or behavior
What defines low risk for suicide? ✔️Ans -few or modifiable risk factors,
strong protective factors, thoughts of death with no plan intent or behavior
What is the first heart sound? ✔️Ans -closing of AV valves, lub, S1
What is the second heart sound? ✔️Ans -closing of aortic and pulmonary
valves, dub, S2
What causes a patient to have a third heart sound? ✔️Ans -normal in
patients <40, may indicate HF after age 40
What causes a patient to have a fourth heart sound? ✔️Ans -abnormal,
possible diastolic HF
What is right atrial pressure? ✔️Ans -The pressure in veins right before the
atrium, AKA Central Venous pressure
What is right atrial pressure used for? ✔️Ans -helps determine the need for
fluid and/or diuresis
What is a normal CVP/RAP? ✔️Ans -8-12mmHg
What is dyspnea? ✔️Ans -difficult or labored breathing
What is orthopnea? ✔️Ans -difficulty breathing while lying down
What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea? ✔️Ans -sudden awakening from
sleeping with shortness of breath (assoc. w/ congestive heart failure)
Complete Solutions
What is the normal function of the kidneys? ✔️Ans -unimpeded blood flow
in/out of kidney, intact nephrons
What is the normal function of the ureters & urethra? ✔️Ans -unimpeded
urine flow
What is the normal function of the bladder? ✔️Ans -intact sensory/motor
nerve function, intact sphincter and detrusor muscle function, and
maintenance of sterile urine
What are the symptoms of prerenal azotemia? ✔️Ans -systemic
hypoperfusion, dehydration, third spacing, sepsis
What is postrenal azotemia? ✔️Ans -obstruction of urine flow (urinary
urgency, pain, dysuria, inability to void or void bladder completely)
What does it mean if CVA tenderness has been ruled out? ✔️Ans -no kidney
involvement
Who has a longer urethra? What does that mean? ✔️Ans -men, it's why we
don't get UTIs and when we do they're "complicated"
What is a common cause of urinary obstruction in men? ✔️Ans -BPH
CVD can mimic... ✔️Ans -panic attacks
Hypothyroidism can mimic... ✔️Ans -depression
Brain Tumors can mimic... ✔️Ans -hallucinations
In what ways can mental health affect physical health? ✔️Ans -medication
adherence, metabolic ADR
What visual tools can assess mental health? ✔️Ans -dress, body language,
mood changes, eye contact
, What is the "proper" terminology for suicide? ✔️Ans -"completing" suicide,
not "committing"
What defines a high risk level for suicide? ✔️Ans -multiple risk factors, no
or no relevant protective factors, and potentially lethal suicide
attempt/persistent ideation with strong intent/suicide rehearsal
What defines a moderate risk for suicide? ✔️Ans -multiple risk factors, few
protective factors, suicidal ideation w/ plan but no intent or behavior
What defines low risk for suicide? ✔️Ans -few or modifiable risk factors,
strong protective factors, thoughts of death with no plan intent or behavior
What is the first heart sound? ✔️Ans -closing of AV valves, lub, S1
What is the second heart sound? ✔️Ans -closing of aortic and pulmonary
valves, dub, S2
What causes a patient to have a third heart sound? ✔️Ans -normal in
patients <40, may indicate HF after age 40
What causes a patient to have a fourth heart sound? ✔️Ans -abnormal,
possible diastolic HF
What is right atrial pressure? ✔️Ans -The pressure in veins right before the
atrium, AKA Central Venous pressure
What is right atrial pressure used for? ✔️Ans -helps determine the need for
fluid and/or diuresis
What is a normal CVP/RAP? ✔️Ans -8-12mmHg
What is dyspnea? ✔️Ans -difficult or labored breathing
What is orthopnea? ✔️Ans -difficulty breathing while lying down
What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea? ✔️Ans -sudden awakening from
sleeping with shortness of breath (assoc. w/ congestive heart failure)
