Exam (elaborations)
UCSC Biol100 Biochemistry Study Guide – Q&A
UCSC Biol100 Biochemistry Study Guide – Q&A
[Show more]
Content preview
UCSC Biol100 Biochemistry Study Guide – Q&APhosphofructokinase ✔️Ans - Enzyme which catalyzes the reaction of
fructose-6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-biphosphate
Isomers ✔️Ans - compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures
Name the 3 enzyme that regulate glycolysis & indicate what reactions they
catalyze ✔️Ans - Hexokinase catalyzes conversion of glucose to glucose-6-
phosphate. Phosphofructokinase catalyzes conversion of fructose-6-
phosphate to fructose-1,6-biphosphate. Pyruvate Kinase catalyzes conversion
of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate.
Pepsinogen ✔️Ans - Protease that breaks down food in stomachs; Activated
by HCl to become pepsin is secreted by specialized cellls in the stomach
Stereoisomers ✔️Ans - isomers connected in the same order but have a
different spatial arrangement
How are the 3 enzymes regulated by glycolysis regulated? ✔️Ans -
Hexokinase is inhibited by its own product, glucose-6-phosphate.
Phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP but activated by fructose-2,-
biphosphate and by AMP. Pyruvate kinase inihibted by ATP but activated by
fructose-1,6-biphsphate and dephosphorylation when glucose levels are high
(therefore also deactivated by phosphorylation when glucose levels are low).
Enteropeptidase ✔️Ans - A Protease located in the small intestine. Cleaves
Trypsinogen to create active trypsin. Secreted by Epithelial cells
Constitutional Isomers ✔️Ans - Isomers that differ in the order of attached
atoms
What is "trapping" glucose (1st step) ✔️Ans - the first reaction catalyzed by
hexokinase "traps" glucose inside of the cell because the plasma membrane
glucose transporters can only transport glucose-6-phosphate.
, Trypsinogen ✔️Ans - Inactive form of Trypsin cleaved by Enteropeptidase.
Cleaves peptide bonds between certain amino acids and breaks large
polypeptides into shorter chains.
Enantiomers ✔️Ans - Non-superimposable stereoisomers that are mirror
images of each other.
Net products per glucose ✔️Ans - 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 H2O
Chymotrypsinogen ✔️Ans - Inactive form of Chymotrypsin cleaved by
Trypsin. Cleaves peptide bonds between amino acids and breaks large
polypeptides into shorter chains.
Diastereoisomers ✔️Ans - isomers that are not mirror images
Why is fermentation useful with a 3-Carbon final product of glycolysis as a
substrate ✔️Ans - Fermentation allows NADH to be oxidized into NADH+,
this additional NADH+ allows more ATP to be generated in glycolysis
Procarboxypeptidase ✔️Ans - inactive form of carboxypeptidase cleaved by
trypsin. Secreted by pancrease and aminopeptidase, secreted by intestinal
epithelial cells. Cleave off one amino acid at a time from ends of peptide.
Epimers ✔️Ans - Diastereoisomers that differ at one of several asymmetric
carbon atoms
Two types of fermentation ✔️Ans - Lactic Acid Fermentation and
Alcoholic/ethanol fermentation
Prolipase ✔️Ans - Inactive form of lipase cleaved by trypsin. Convert
triacylglycerols into fatty acids and monoacylglycerols for absorption into the
intestine
Insulin Pathway (6 Steps) ✔️Ans - 1. RTK is dimerized
2. insulin binds to receptor which then cross phosphorylates
3. fully activated RTK activates IRS
4. IRS activated PI3K
5. Activated PI3K phosphorylates PIP2 to PIP3
6. PIP3 activates AKT
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LeCrae. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$14.48. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now