Exam (elaborations)
Pharmacology Exam 1 Nur2474 – Questions & Answers
Pharmacology Exam 1 Nur2474 – Questions & Answers
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Pharmacology Exam 1 Nur2474 – Questions &Answers
Lithium therapeutic level ✔️Ans - 0.6-1.2 mEq/L
Lithium toxicity level ✔️Ans - 2 mEq/L
Lithium side effects ✔️Ans - Polyuria, fine hand tremor, thirst, dry mouth,
increase in motility of GI system
Lithium toxic effects ✔️Ans - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Donepezil (Aricept) in Alzheimer's ✔️Ans - a Cholinesterase inhibitor that
help to prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, which is a neurotransmitter
involved in learning and memory.1 By preventing the breakdown of the
chemical, communication between nerve cells in the brain may be improved.
This can lead to a slowing down of symptoms or a delay in exhibiting
symptoms.
Sertraline (Zoloft) and nursing infants ✔️Ans - Safe to use while
breastfeeding. Usually low in breast milk compared to other SSRIs and
antidepressants. Most doctors prescribe while nursing as it is safe.
Dulozetine (Cymbalta) and alcohol abuse ✔️Ans - May be useful in
lessening anxiety-like behaviors and alcohol intake, which may make it useful
as a treatment during alcohol withdrawal. This low dose can decrease alcohol
use.
Diazepam (Valium) for status epilepticus (seizures) ✔️Ans - Very common
first treatment for Statue Epilepticus (SE).
Side effects ✔️Ans - Undesired effect that occurs when the medication is
administered regardless of the dose.
Adverse effects ✔️Ans - An unwanted, undesirable effect of a medication
that occurs during usual clinical use
, Allergies ✔️Ans - an overreaction of the immune system to a harmless
substance (in this case, a drug), which triggers an allergic reaction.
Specifically, a drug allergy is a reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
antibodies.
Intended effect ✔️Ans - The effect the medication is expected to have on
the body.
teratogenic effect ✔️Ans - Effect of a drug administered to the mother that
results in abnormalities in the fetus.
Paradoxical effect ✔️Ans - opposite of the intended drug effect
Tolerance ✔️Ans - a pharmacological concept describing subjects' reduced
reaction to a drug following its repeated use.
Phenytoin in pregnancy ✔️Ans - This drug should NOT be used during
pregnancy unless the benefit outweighs the risk to fetus. Increased risk of
congenital abnormalities such as cleft lip or cardiac defects.
phenytoin therapeutic level ✔️Ans - 10-20 mcg/mL
Carbamazepine therapeutic level ✔️Ans - 4-12 mcg/mL
Cabamazepine (Tegretol) ✔️Ans - ANTISEIZURE
Action: Slows rates of neuronal activity in the brain by blocking specific
channels responsible for neuron firing, which results in an elevation of the
seizure threshold
extrapyramidal side effects ✔️Ans - group of symptoms that can occur in
people taking antipsychotic meds.
Drugs that cause EPS ✔️Ans - Compazine, Haldol, Inapsine, Loxitane,
Akathisia, Dystonia, Parkinsonism, Tardive dyskinesia, etc.
Amitriptyline ✔️Ans - tricyclic antidepressant
amitriptyline overdose ✔️Ans - Ingestion of up to 750mg by an adult
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