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Class notes Anatomy and Physiology (NUR1101)
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Test Bank for Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology 13th Edition by Cinnamon VanPutte, All Chapters|Complete Solution | Guide A+.
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Exam (elaborations) Anatomy and physilogy Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology
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Exam (elaborations) Anatomy and physilogy Seeley's Anatomy and Physiology
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CHAPTER 15: RESPIRATORY SYSTEMRESPIRATION NASOLACRIMAL DUCTS
Respiration includes the following processes:
carry tears from eyes
1. Ventilation, or breathing, is the movement of air open into nasal cavity
into and out of the lungs
2. The exchange of oxygen (O2) and carbon FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE
dioxide (CO2) between the air in the lungs and Filters
the blood Airway for respiration
3. The transport of O2 and CO2 in the blood Involved in speech
4. The exchange of O2 and CO2 between the blood Olfactory receptors
and the tissues. Warms air
Sneezing dislodges materials from nose
FUNCTIONS
PHARYNX
1. Respiration a common passageway for the respiratory and
2. Regulation of blood pH digestive systems
3. Voice Production
4. Olfaction NASOPHARYNX
5. Innate Immunity takes in air
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT OROPHARYNX
External nose
Nasal cavity extends from uvula to epiglottis
Pharynx takes in food, drink, and air
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM LARYNGOPHARYNX
extends from epiglottis to esophagus
food and drink pass through
UVULA
“little grape”
extension of soft palate
PHARYNGEAL TONSIL
aids in defending against infections
NOSE NASAL CAVITY AND PHARYNX
EXTERNAL NOSE
Composed of mainly of hyaline cartilage
NASAL CAVITY
extends from nares (nostrils) to choane
choana: openings to pharynx
hard palate is its roof
PARANASAL SINUSES
air filled spaces within bone
open into nasal cavity
lined with mucous
CONCHAE
on each side of nasal cavity
increase surface area of nasal cavity
help in cleaning, humidifying, warming of air
, CHAPTER 15: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT LARYNGITIS
Larynx –lower portions of
Trachea inflammation of vocal folds
Bronchi caused by overuse, dry air, infection
Lungs
LARYNX
Located in the anterior throat and extends from
the base of the tongue to the trachea
Consists of cartilages TRACHEA
Windpipe
THYROID CARTILAGE Consists of 16 to 20 C-shaped pieces of cartilage
largest piece of cartilage Contains cilia pseudostratified columnar epi.
called Adam’s apple Smoking kills cilia
Coughing dislodges materials from trachea
EPIGLOTTIS Divides into right and left primary bronchi
(lungs)
piece of cartilage
flap that prevents swallowed materials from BRONCHI
entering larynx Divide from trachea
Connect to lungs
VOCAL FLORDS/CORDS
Lined with cilia
source of voice production Contain C-shaped pieces of cartilage
air moves past them, they vibrate, and sound is
LUNGS
produced
Primary organ of respiration
force of air determines loudness
Cone shaped
tension determines pitch
The base rests on the diaphragm
The apex extends above the clavicle
Right lung has 3 lobes
Left lung has 2 lobes
Contains many air passageways (divisions)
LUNG AIRWAY PASSAGES
1. Primary bronchi
2. Lobar (secondary) bronchi
3. Segmental (tertiary) bronchi
4. Bronchioles
5. Terminal bronchioles
6. Respiratory bronchioles
7. Alveolar ducts
8. Alveoli
a. Structures become smaller and more
b. numerous from primary bronchi to
alveoli
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