Class notes
Senses Summary [Essential of Human Anatomy and Physiology]
- Course
- Nursing
- Institution
- Trent University (TrentU )
Senses Summary [Essential of Human Anatomy and Physiology]
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Seller
Follow
Content preview
2. Deep/Visceral Pain – diffuse; action potentialsSENSES are propagated more slowly
§ Ability to perceive stimuli
Local anesthesia – injected near a sensory
Sensation/Perception – conscious awareness of stimuli receptor/nerve resulting in reduced pain
received
General anesthesia – loss of consciousness is produced;
affects reticular formation
GENERAL SENSES Gate control theory – inhibits action potentials carried
§ Have receptors distributed over the body
to the brain by the spinothalamic tract
§ Senses for touch, pressure, pain, temp.,
vibration, itch, proprioception Referred Pain
§ Originate in a region of the body that is not the
1. Somatic Senses – provide sensory info about the
source of the pain stimulus
body and the environment
§ Clinically useful in diagnosing the actual cause
2. Visceral Senses – provide info about various of the painful stimulus
internal organs (pain & pressure) § Occurs bcos the sensory neurons (from the
superficial area) to which the pain is referred,
Transduction – a receptor absorbs energy from stimulus and the neurons (from the deeper, visceral area)
where the pain stimulation originates, converge
Sensory Receptors – sensory nerve endings capable of onto the same ascending neurons in the spinal
responding to stimuli by developing action potentials cord; thus the brain can’t distinguish
1. Mechanoreceptors – mechanical stimuli
SPECIAL SENSES
2. Chemoreceptors – chemicals (odor molecules) § Localized to specific parts of the body
§ Smell, taste, sight, hearing, balance
3. Photoreceptors – light
4. Thermoreceptors – temperature changes OLFACTION
§ Sense of smell
5. Nociceptors – sensation of pain § Occurs in response to airborne molecules
6. Free nerve endings – simplest and most Odorants – airborne molecules
common receptors
Ø Cold receptors – decreasing temp.; stop Olfactory neurons – bipolar neurons
responding at below 12OC
Ø Warm receptors – increasing temp.; stop Olfactory epithelium – lines the superior part of the
responding above 47 OC nasal cavity
7. Touch receptors – structurally more complex; Neuronal Pathways for Olfaction
enclosed by capsules § Axons of the olfactory neurons form the
olfactory nerves, which enter the olfactory
8. Merkel disks – light touch and superficial bulb. Olfactory tracts carry action potentials
pressure from the olfactory bulbs to the olfactory cortex
of the brain.
9. Hair follicle receptors – light touch
Olfactory bulb – where olfactory neurons synapse with
10. Meissner corpuscles – fine, discriminative interneurons
touch; localizing tactile sensations
Olfactory tracts – relays action potentials to the brain
11. Ruffini corpuscles – continuous pressure in
skin Olfactory cortex – where each olfactory tract terminates
12. Pacinian corpuscles – deepest receptors; deep Adaptation – feedback + temporary decreased
pressure, vibration, position sensitivity
Pain
§ Unpleasant perceptual and emotional TASTE
experiences Taste buds – detect taste stimuli
1. Superficial Pain – localized; rapidly conducted Papillae – enlargements on the surfaced of the tongue
action potentials
M o r a n o , M . A .
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller rarereads. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$11.79. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now