COSC QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED 2023

COSC QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED 2023 Combat Operational Stress Reaction (COSR) Term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive or behavioral reactions, adverse consequences, or psychological injuries of Service Members who have been exposed to stressful or traumatic events in combat or military operations. COSC Consultant A mental health professional with training and expertise in COSC management who consults with the Combatant Command Surgeon, Combatant Commander, and Unit Commanders about matters related to combat stress such as a unit cohesion, unit morale, resilience, leadership, effective communication, and perceived mission importance. Completion of grade-appropriate professional Military Service or Joint Staff education is recommended prior to appointment as COSC consultant. Risk Factors for/causes of COS -Weapons of mass destruction such as: CBRNE -Imminent danger (rockets, mortars, gunfire) -Exposure to be killed and/or wounded -Potential involvement in high intensity conflict -A 360 degree battlefield; a battlefield with no defined boundaries -Asymmetrical Warfare (Unknown Enemy) -Fear of unknown or what might happen Mission Effects Stress may increase disease rates by disrupting hygiene and protective measures, and impairing the body's immune defenses. Emotional Symptoms of stess -Fear/anxiety -irritability -Anger/rage -Grief -Self-doubt -Guilt Adaptive behavioral symptoms of stress -Heightened alertness -Increased tolerance to hardship, discomfort, and pain -Increase strength or endurance -Loyalty to buddies, leaders, and unit -Courage, heroic acts Dysfunctional/maladaptive behavioral symptoms -Substance abuse and misuse -Self-inflicted wounds -Excessive sick call/malingering -Range from minor breaches of orders or regulations to serious violations of UCMJ and the Law of the Land Purpose of COSC Preserve mission effectiveness and war-fighting capabilities and mitigate the adverse physical and psychological consequences of exposure to severe stress. COSC Policy -Military Departments shall implement COSC policies and programs to enhance readiness, contribute to combat effectiveness, enhance the physical and mental health of military personnel, and prevent or minimize adverse effects associated with combat and operational stress. - COSC consultants and healthcare professionals are provided to support leadership. COSC Principles -Support the development and maintenance of an environment and climate of prevention and protection, psychological interventions for combat and operational stress reactions. - Developed for the implementation of psychological first-response intervention for combat related reactions -Military Service COSC policy shall emphasize the importance of psychological first aid as the first step in preventing complications arising from combat and operational stress. -Combat stress reactions are not clinical disorders but instead are consequences associated with either prolonged exposure to high-demand environments or exposure to single or repeated intense or traumatic events. COSC expectations -All mental health, medical, and line personnel and the Chaplain Corps shall be trained in role-appropriate COSC principles. -Training of COSC personnel shall include the ability to consult with units/individuals on psychological principles that enhance combat effectiveness and to evaluate, identify, and differentiate combat stress reactions from diagnosable mental health conditions and concerns. -When possible, COSC team members shall forward deploy to conduct COSC operations in coordination with deployed mental health clinical assets. -Only evidence based universal, selective, and indicated prevention, and management approaches shall be applied to prevent and treat COSRs and other mental health conditions in garrison and theater. If evidence is unavailable, the Military Services shall conduct program evaluations to ensure the effectiveness of the ongoing programs or undertake efforts to transition to evidence-based programs. -The use of algorithms for assessing and managing behavioral health problems following a traumatic event in the deployed setting shall be incorporated into the Military Departments COSC delivery system and continuously revised based on the best available clinical practice guidelines or recommendations of Blue Ribbon panels of cross-service experts. Impact of conflicts WW1 "Shell Shock", eventually called "war neurosis" was characterized by physical ailments, paralysis, and a host of psychiatric symptoms. -"Neurasthenia" described as a condition with symptoms of fatigue, anxiety, headache, impotence, neuralgia, and depressions -"Neurasthenia" was explained as being a result of exhaustion of the central nervous systems energy reserves. Different types of treatment for combat stress ( WWI) British evacuated individuals out of the fight and home to England -Discouraged real recovery -Resulted in chronic psychiatric disorders. French treated service members" close to the front" and they were expected to return to duty. -Caused long term emotional effects -US troops similarly had 70% RTD rate. Different types of treatment for combat stress (WWII) US Army addressed Combat Stress by instituting a more rigorous screening process before Service Members entered the military. "Exhaustion" was later selected because it best described the appearance of most psychiatric casualties and most combat participants. -Service members could appreciate anyone could become exhausted by stress and strain of continual combat -Psychiatric casualty became a rational consequence of battle conditions -Casualty was afflicted with a temporary, situational-induced disorder that only required rest for restoration of function -Tough training and esprit de corps prevented many combat stress casualties. Pre-exposure Preparation (Pre-Deployment) An educational approach seeking to prepare individuals to deal with stress reactions expected when exposed to traumatic events emphasizing the typical and normal stress responses and basic techniques in stress management.