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Summary Chemical Bonding and molecular Structure
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Handwritten cheat sheet for Chemical Bonding and molecular Structure by JEE 2020, GATE, and CSIR topper
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Chemical Bonding &Malecular sbuctureAbond is formed bet toc atoms f its
lends to stability foxmahon
Chemical Borde )Stongg Bonds - dntra molecular bonds
2) weak Bonds - otex moleclar bonde
a drlesmedate bondg - Mealc bonds
nramdecular
DCovalent bond
bonds are of two types
2 lonic bonds i-
i-Shaming e
Elechasthe foree bet" to atoms
Covalent bonds i Sharing e
Single bond :- ohen 2 8£ ane shaed
.double bondi-when 4 e re shared
Tsiple bond i-when 6 e are shased
ewis Ocket Theosyishaxing
Atomseto
undego bend1ng
aain an
by
Coc
Jcsing sguing o
Foxmal Chaxgei dtis equa t no. of valance ein
free atom and no. oF e asgned o it in lecws
stuctuse.
E.C=ltotal Valance na. feintatal ne.
2sharedel
c
Le in free atomlone paI.
Genexally Jowest energy stucture is the cne wth te
Snallest fomal chage
Coocunate bond i- is speal covalert bond where
both the shared e oe contr1buted by one atom
, :CSo:
|Ontet ue is not useful foy combounds he
Li d, Be H., Bla, Befet which hare sub octet
|lement in and beyond the 3rd pericd. also
|have he 3dorbitale for bending rasulhng in
mare than 8 e in the outer shU.such ompout
are saud to hane expanded ox super octet
eg PEs,SF , PCs, HNO,So.sO, Hso
Rasonarce i- when a single lewis structure
Connot descxibe a mdecuté, These shuctures ar
alled canonical ox regonathing suctureg
A molecules can atain etra stabiity by showing
SeSOhance
Greatex the no ofresonahng shuetuss more
the
Rond Oxdex:- No. of bonde in a_pair ofatoms
eg N=N bondosder =3
*Any bani between tuo atams total valanceell4
lhas bond ocder 3 and ae thetatal larce e
tncreases/decenses the bond asdex decreaseR bu
O.5
Bond oxdley d Stabilityy aBond shrength
Fox tesonahng shuctuise
bond orcder: It po ofdouble bond
tola no. of atomg
, Valance bond theory (vot)
DCcalent bond is fened by overlapp cf half Filled crbilals
allhochve foces should be mcre than reçuleive
a) Shength of bonddepende on extent of orerapping
ypes of overupping
9,Sigma Co)bondi- tis fosmed by head on overappirg
as-s
oealspping
sp oretapping
olp-pi) over ap ping
PiC) bond i- tis forme by overlapping when
oobitals are lto cach other ad L to indenuelear ais
s-s)o <(S-p)a (p-p
(2p-2p)7> (3p-3p) Strengh of bonds
VBT Could not predict the bond angle
|Hybridizahon- is a hypothehcal concept
Aomic orbitale of same atom, f compable enegy
combine to fom_new set ofcf osbitlg befoe bond
fomohon called hybd orbitals
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