100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Histology exam preparation with a Summary Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology (Hardback), Global Edition - Cell Biology CA$12.49   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  4.  
  5. Cell Biology

Summary

Histology exam preparation with a Summary Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology (Hardback), Global Edition - Cell Biology
 3 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Cell Biology
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Book
  • Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology

This document fully prepares you for the histology exam and meets most of the following learning objectives of the course: Epithelial tissue: * Able to recognise and name different types of epithelia * Able to explain the relation between shape and function of different types of epithelia * ...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 24  pages

Document information

  • No
  • Chapter 4, page 161 to 191 (4-1 to 4-10) chapter 6, page 229 to 242 (6-3 to 6-6) chapter 12, page
  • January 17, 2024
  • 24
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary

Subjects

  • epithelia
  • functions
  • characteristics
  • specializations
  • shapes
  • number of layers
  • glandular epithelia
  • structure
  • methods of secretion
  • types of secretions
  • connective tissue
  • muscle tissue
  • nervous tissue
  • histol

Connected book

book image

Book Title:

Author(s):

  • Edition:
  • ISBN:
  • Edition:

More summaries for

  • Test Bank Martini, Nath, Bartholomew Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition, 12th Edition Latest Verified Review 2024 Practice Questions and Answers for Exam Preparation, 100% Correct wi...
  • Summary Histology | Exam 1 Cell Biology - Histology (AB_1138)
  • Lecture notes ANATOMY Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology (Hardback), Global Edition, ISBN: 9781292229874
All for this textbook (4)

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Biomedical Sciences
  • Cell Biology
All documents for this subject (4)

Seller

avatar-seller
gibshams

Content preview

Chapter 4. Tissue Level of Organization

4.1

Human body consists of trillion cells but only 200 types of cells. Specialized cells work together
to form tissues and carry out certain functions. The study of such tissues is called histology.
There are four types of tissues:

● Epithelial – exposed surfaces, internal passageways and chambers and forms glands.
● Connective – internal spaces, structural support for other tissues, transports materials
within the body and stores energy.
● Muscle – contraction and includes the skeletal muscles of the body, the muscle of the
heart, and the muscular walls of hollow organs.
● Nervous – carries information from one part of the body to another in the form of
electrical impulses.

4.2

Epithelia

Epithelial tissue includes epithelia and glands. Epithelia are the layers of cells that cover external
or line internal surfaces. Glands are the structures that produce fluid secretions.
They are either attached to or derived from epithelia.

Epithelia form the surface of the skin and line the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and
urinary tracts. The more delicate epithelium lines internal cavities and passageways, for example,
chest cavity, fluid filled spaces of the brain, the inner surfaces of blood vessels,and the chambers
of the heart.



Functions

● Provide physical protection – epithelia protect exposed and internal surfaces from
abrasion, dehydration, and destruction by chemical and biological agents.

● Control permeability – some epithelia are relatively impermeable, others let large
compounds pass through. The epithelial barrier can also be regulated and modified in
response to stimuli, containing the molecular machinery for absorbing/secreting specific
substances. For example, hormones can affect the transport of ions and nutrients through

, epithelial cells. Physical stress like calluses form on our hands when manual labor is
done.

● Provide sensation – most epithelia have a large sensory nerve supply which provide
information about in and out. Neuroepithelium is an epithelium that is specialized to
perform a particular sensory function, it contains sensory cells that provide the sensations
of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing.

● Produce specialized secretions – epithelial cells that produce secretions are called gland
cells. In a glandular epithelium, most if not all the epithelial cells produce secretions, they
either discharge the secretions onto the surface of epithelium in order to provide physical
protection or temperature regulation or release them into the surrounding interstitial fluid
and blood to act as chemical messengers.

, Characteristics

● Polarity – it is a presence of structural and functional differences between the exposed
and attached surfaces. If an epithelium consists of a single layer of cells then it has an
exposed apical surface and an attached basal surface above the connective tissue. Apical:
has microvilli or cilia. It has an uneven distribution of organelles between in and out. For
example, in kidney tubules, mitochondria are concentrated near the base of the cell,
where energy is in high demand for the cell’s transport activities.




● Cellularity – epithelia are made of cell junctions that are cells closely bound together by
interconnections.

● Attachment – the base of an epithelium is attached to a thin noncellular basement
membrane which is formed from the fusion of basal and reticular lamina, collagen matrix
and proteoglycans (intercellular cement). This basement adheres to the basal surface and
to the underlying tissues to establish the cell’s border and resist stretching.

● Avascularity – this means that they lack blood vessels, and get nutrients by diffusion or
absorption across either in and out.

● Regeneration – damaged epithelial cells are replaced through stem cell divisions.
Regeneration rate in specifically epithelial cells is very high compared to others.

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller gibshams. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

73314 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Summary ·

(0)

Samenvatting Human Resource Management - Behaald resultaat 18/20

CA$12.49
  • (0)
  Add to cart