Class notes

DNA Structure - Biochemistry

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Course
MBB 222 (MBB222)

Institution
Simon Fraser University (SFU )

Condensed class notes for lectures about DNA structure and organization. Includes prokaryotic supercoiling and eukaryotic histone modification.

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Uploaded on January 18, 2024
Number of pages 3
Written in 2023/2024
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Dustin king
Contains Class 10 to 11

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Nucleic acids DrA Primary STRUCTURE

Structure PLaMary
Perose
Sugars
Neroxides Structure Are of Phosphate
PENTOSE And A BASE
composed
Sugor ,
,

RIS

Erig
THE RiBosE
In DIS TE PEMOSE WHEREAS
Simply PROSE WHEN NurB Carbons
M IS
DEOxyPROSE
Sugar
In

Sugar
iS I . ,

a
Sogan Adds 'To from
distinguish
One THEM THE CARBONS In THE BASE

pres
·
H

&
H
THE ATTACHED I' CARBON AND
-
SUGAR
IS MS
TO BASE AI HS TO S
PHOSPHATE
Ho -H Ho -H OH

.I
OH
Il
& · 5
5
2
- Al ITS S'CARBON 5: PO THE 3'-OH LAKED THE 5'-PO of An O
un is To
O

F
-
.

~
21
!I
~
I &
H H
primary H 4

It
4 I

Adjacen Meleotide To form The
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone .
It H H

Ho
C 13
[
· Ho
,
F

··
S. 8O
S3 of H

& > Primary Structure Ether Purme or pyridone
... "The Bases :
um RIBOSE DEOXYROSE
Ia
a
& ↳I- &
·

·
C SW
&
a
7

C5
-
BECAUSE SOME OFTHER
· THEY ARE CALLED BASES BE

NAROGENS
CAN

D
,

·
ARE ALL AROMATR
PROTONATED THEY .

Pure GtA Pyramidme Catar

2
- T · ⑨g
e "
-
· -
I I

Ed
--> Go THE PENTOSE FORMS A BOND

G
P - CONTENT WITH THE

g&
-
2 S8
·
·
.
- s
e 2 N

-C⑧C··
&
-
?g
O
T
--
· I

g)
-&-
- (

N34
- -

.
I 1No
,
D
⑨g
d⑳ &*
Called
B-glycoside Image
S S S Base a
S
·
W

- & C L I
2

- acce
S
S
-v
&

mer
-J 9

~
T -
7

- Nu Premes = Tac tu
-

Pyrmidmes = G +A

NICLEOIDE AOCEOSIDE : MCLEOSUdE BASE PHOSPHONESTER Bot Dra And Rea

LINKAGES
US A THE PHOSPHATE GROOPS ACT TO WNK
Only PHOSPHATE THE

SugarS
US

Sugar group
No : In
,

And PHOSPHATE WHEN S'end has

REFERRNey
A Microde HA BASE , A CLEOXIDE , A Adenosme BACKBONES THIS Bond is Called PhosphodresTER Because The free
Linkage
a

Sugar Group
A , ,
To = .
. a

C=
cytidine
(mgate)
G Gustnosme uridine and The 3 End has free 3-oh The Dread Rea
Phosphate group (neutral)
= U = a
, , .
,

5
8- &
BACKBONES ARE
I Asymmetric POWER
.

-

P O
DO
Parame
And PH (7 4) The
BASE DrABASES Parr A-L Acid AT pHospHATE of
Every necroside
PHOSPHATE
Physiological Group
C-G mit

Group
THE is An . .
,

O
Bonds G-cpars form Bonds
Hydrogen Hydrogen
HOW MOTHER ACROS

MAKING
THIS THER
VEGANE
3 is
DEPROTONATED I NAME

GO
.
IS
BASE
.
,

CH2
Whe A Parks form 2

Hydrogen
Bonds . THE H-Bonds
It H &
I
-H
BETWEEN ANT AND CaG ARE ALL
AppROXIMATEly
14 = DNA
SECONDARY STRUCTURE
S It
01 This MEANS THAT SECONDARY DIA STRANDS RUN
Equal MEASORg
:
, -2 9-3. . .

I
STRUCTURE BASE
STACKING
TWO
COMPLEMENTARY
-

P O
Wit Around form DOUBLE HELIX
SUGAR-PHOSPITALE
THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TWO
AnTipARALLEL To ONE ANOTHER & THE SAME Axis To A .
owE

O
BackBONES REMANS CONSTANT FEATURE THAT CONTRIBUTES THE ROTATHEN BASE BASES ARE HydropitoBra
STACKING
TO IS
BASE
CH2
BASE
Specifica
Parking
was first proposed
By Wayson
It H I And HydropHOBiC EFFECTS WORK TO MANIMATE CONTACT WINNER THE .
BASES ARE
sugHLy
Concluded
It H
offset due forces
↓ crick in 1953
By X-Ray DiffRACTron
THEY han der The
PHOSPHE Backbones Are Hydrophic
Sugar
, To WAALs . .

0 It
THAT THE DOUBLE HELICAL STRUCTURE IS POSSIBLE BECAUSE Due offSET of BASES HEL forms a da Maor
major
PARING
THE Dra DOUBLE
Groove
To THE
I ,

-

P O
oppose faces
specific Base of
The duplex
of THE
Complementary of Each THESE The Base

Groves
he
pares
on

graere
Two

paremy
·
.
or .

O
STRAND WHAT THE EXPOSED TO THOSE
S
PERMIS REPLICATION MAJORGROOVE ARE
THAN THE MMOR
SOLEM
MORE
GROTE
ON
BASE
CH2

It H I DNA Secondary Structure Forms of The double Helix : THE form of THE DOUBLE HELN

H HumidMy of THE
DEPENDMY
O ABSORBANCE THE RESOURCE EMPROMEN THE MORE Humid THE EmONMENT

Among
Pure WRRES THE
: On .
,

O It
forms of
The
↓
Pyramide Acids hel handed.
Rigs
ABSorpyow The LOOSER The Dra Rich
Righ
Allows O . NorEic . not All Duplex Are in 1979,
S
H .
3

Extra ABSORBANCE AT J Th discovered Left HandEd HELICAL Dra
260 nm
PROPERTY
strong
= .
.

Stranded
distinguish
Allows us DOUBLE
SAGE
to BILW

This Is known as The A Bi Z
Dra .

HyperChromic Effect
. .

5?
10
.

10 RESidES
. 7 -
F
DOUBLE STRANDED DNA CAN BE SEPARATED W/HEAT .
[

PERTURN .

>
~
10 Resides 12 RESidES

=
-
-
PER TURN
-
-
- PER TURN
handed

F
THE TEMP WHICH Y Of ALL ArnotEd Its HAndEd
Rig
DreA A Lets
Righ
AT in
Sample is
-

-
- F
-

(smgle-stranded) PrcHA
Dematured Tm When The Drea Prch Prch
-

is 33 2 45 6
-

.
= 24 6
. - =
.
= .

-

1

F
-
- -

condem
-

is COOLED, M REANNEAls .
MOST COMMON E
most PH
A Bro

:
-

STACKED BASES ABSORB MORE

LIGH
THAN LISTACKED .

E
-
=
-
-

LEAT CONSENSED
-

Strands
ABSORBANCES
Quenched WHEN reared -

concentBicest
innurousmarit
F

Also BE Devoured read
-
9
By
Removing
DNA CAN wa

ignoi rbackBand
no SALT A-1 Pict frast
Hrg h
t

Regros
. Mele .
saly

Long Sequences
STABME Dut .

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