Exam (elaborations)
NR548 Exam 1 – Questions & Correct Answers
NR548 Exam 1 – Questions & Correct Answers
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NR548 Exam 1 – Questions & Correct AnswersPMH-APRN - ✔️ a nurse with graduate-level training who provides
psychiatric-mental health care and promotes mental health across the
lifespan
-assess, diagnose and treat individuals and families who have psychiatric
and/or substance disorders
-work in a variety of health care settings and practices and are eligible for
reimbursement through private insurers, HMOs, PPOs, Medicare and
Medicaid
ANA Code of Ethics: anticipatory guidance competency - ✔️ ANA
Standards and Scope: Standard 5B: Health Teaching & Promotion
-An educated professional nurse is aware of normal developmental and
situational threats to wellness and can educate healthcare consumers to
avoid them.
• Example: Moving a toddler from a crib to a bed can prevent injury
associated with climbing out of the crib at that developmental age.
ANA Code of Ethics: the art of nursing is based on? - ✔️ caring and
respect for human dignity
ANA Code of Ethics: the fundamental principle of and attitude that the
professional nurse must have as outlined in Provision 1 - ✔️ ANA Code
of Ethics: Provision 1
-"the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity,
worth, and unique attributes of every person" (ANA, 2015b, p. 1).
ANA Code of Ethics: How should the nurse respond to the discovery of
human trafficking in his or her practice? - ✔️ ANA Code of Ethics:
Provision 8
-Nurses must "bring attention to human rights violations in all settings and
contexts. . . . The nursing profession must respond when these violations
are encountered" (ANA, 2015b, p. 33).
Dr. Edward Cowles created in 1882 - ✔️ the first organized training
school within a hospital for the insane
,1913, Effie Jane Taylor developed - ✔️ the first nurse-organized
training course for psychiatric nursing at Johns Hopkins Hospital
(before early psychiatric nurses were trained by physicians)
Following WWI, the National League for Nursing Education added: - ✔️
"nursing in nervous and mental diseases" to curriculum guides
In WWII, many potential military recruits deemed unfit for service due to
psychiatric concerns, while many veterans experienced combat-related
neuropsychiatric conditions. Laura Fitzsimmons recommended: - ✔️
standards of training for psychiatric nurses, which led to improved
education and standards of care.
National Mental Health Act (NMHA) of 1946 - ✔️ -psychiatric nursing
was recognized as one of the four core disciplines in psychiatric care and
treatment
-The act increased funding for psychiatric nursing education programs and
contributed to a growth in university-based nursing education.
1954 - ✔️ -the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing was
established at Rutgers University by Hildegarde Peplau
• to prepare nurse therapists.
-The first advanced practice nursing role was the psychiatric-mental health
clinical nurse specialist (PMHCNS) role.
The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 - ✔️ (1950s
brought a transition towards deinstitutionalization in care for those with
mental illnesses, which led to an increase in the number of psychiatric
clients receiving care in the community rather than hospitals)
-The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 allowed for the
expansion of the PMHCNS role into community and ambulatory settings as
they helped those who had been deinstitutionalized adapt
1965 - ✔️ Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver MD introduce the nurse
practitioner role.
1973 ANA first published: - ✔️ Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health
Nursing Practice
, 1980s states began to grant: - ✔️ prescriptive authority to advanced
practice registered nurse (APRN), adding medication prescribing and
management to the traditional therapy role of the psychiatric mental health
(PMH) APRN.
2000s these exams were developed: - ✔️ Certification exams for adult
and family psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP)
developed.
-These exams were retired in 2015 when psychiatric certification exams
were combined to a single Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner
(Across the Lifespan) Certification (PMHNP-BC).
The 21st Century Cures Act of 2016: - ✔️ -resulted in the creation of
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Interdepartmental Serious Mental Illness Coordinating Committee
(ISMICC)
-group is charged with compiling a summary of advances in serious mental
illness (SMI) and serious emotional disturbance (SED) research, evaluating
federal programs and treatment services related to SMI and SED, and
making specific recommendations to better coordinate the administration
of mental health services
present: - ✔️ Current trends in care focus on integrated treatment of
those with co-occurring medical and psychiatric diagnoses and co-
occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders, leading to a need to add
content in advanced health assessment, pharmacology, pathophysiology,
and the diagnosis of psychiatric illness to graduate psychiatric nursing
curricula.
-Primary care has become the point of entry to psychiatric care for many
clients.
-PMHNPs are helping to address the growing need for primary mental
health services and mental illness prevention.
-Though the number of advanced practice psychiatric nurses has increased,
there are still limitations in access for many clients, which has led to
disparities in mental health treatment.
PMHNP scope of practice - ✔️ broad and includes practice in a variety
of possible roles and clinical settings
-Education
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