Exam (elaborations)
Body Composition – Questions & Solutions
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- BODY COMPOSITION
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- BODY COMPOSITION
Body Composition – Questions & Solutions
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Body Composition – Questions & SolutionsTwo Component Model ✔️Ans - Partitions the body into two distinct
compartments
1. Fat-free body mass (FFM)
2. Fat mass (FM)
Essential and storage fat
Tissue densities ✔️Ans - Fat-free body tissue: 1.100 g/cm3
Adipose tissue: 0.900 g/cm3
Essential fat ✔️Ans - ~3% of body mass
- Consists of fat stored in bone marrow, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys,
intestines, muscles, and lipid-rich tissues of the central nervous system
- Normal physiological functioning
Sex-specific fat -Females ✔️Ans - ~9% of body mass
Essential for childbearing and other hormone-related functions
storage fat ✔️Ans - - Consists of fat accumulated in adipose tissue
depots
Includes:
- Visceral adipose tissue-surrounds organs
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue
Body Composition ✔️Ans - Total Body-Fat (Fat-Mass) = Essential Fat +
Storage Fat
Essential Fat (survival) ✔️Ans - - CNS
- Bone Marrow
- Organs (heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, etc.)
Lean Body mass ✔️Ans - includes essential fat and excludes storage fat
LBM = Body Mass - Storage Fat
Fat free mass ✔️Ans - excludes essential and storage fat
FFM = Body Mass - Total Body Fat
Body mass devoid of all fat
, Body frame size
female ✔️Ans - 10.357*Ht. + (biacromial + bitrochanteric)
small <1661.9
medium 1662.0-1850.7
large >1850.8
male (BFS) ✔️Ans - 8.239*Ht. + (biacromial + bitrochanteric)
small <1459.3
medium 1459,4 -1591.9
large >1592
BFS Limitations ✔️Ans - - Unvalidated estimates of body frame size
- Developed primarily from white population
- Focus on mortality data - not obesity related comorbidities
- No assessment of body composition
BMI ✔️Ans - Body mass (kg) height (m2)
optimal range: 20-25
increase or decrease from optimal range -> increase of disease*
* CAD, HTN, CVA, DM, CA, etc.
BMI limitations ✔️Ans - - fails to consider composition of body
- fat
BMI... ✔️Ans - - Generally related to body composition
- Highly correlated with relative body fat
- Probably provides a better estimate of obesity than Body Frame-Size
Overweight (1998) ✔️Ans - Lowered BMI to 25 from 27
Obese: > 30
Extreme Obese: >40
Why is BMI important? ✔️Ans - - Overall Obesity has almost tripled in
past 40 years
- Extreme obesity has increased 500% (BMI>40) since 1960 to 5% of
adults
- This is not only a problem with adults
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