Exam (elaborations)
NUFT 204 - Respiratory Assessment – Qs And As
NUFT 204 - Respiratory Assessment – Qs And As
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NUFT 204 - Respiratory Assessment – Qs And AsWhat body systems work together to supply oxygen to the body?
Correct Ans - Cardiovascular and respiratory
What is the major function of the lungs? Correct Ans - Continuous
gas exchange between inspired air and blood in the pulmonary circulation
What are the 3 steps of respiration? Correct Ans - 1. Ventilation
2. Perfusion
3. Diffusion
What is ventilation? Correct Ans - When oxygen comes into the
lungs
What is perfusion? Correct Ans - The blood flow that goes to the
lungs and the tissues
What is diffusion? Correct Ans - The exchange of gases that occurs
in the alveoli
Where does the respiratory tract begin and end? Correct Ans - 1.
Begins at the mouth/nose
2. Ends at the alveoli of the lungs
What is the function of the upper airway? Correct Ans - .1. Filters
airborne particles
2. Humidifies and warms inspired gases
What is the function of the lower airway? Correct Ans - Serves as
location for gas exchange
Which respiratory structures are part of the upper airway? Correct Ans
- 1. nose/nasal passages
2. Pharynx
3. Larynx
,Which respiratory structures are part of the lower airway? Correct Ans
- 1. Trachea
2. Bronchi
3. Bronchioles
4. Alveoli
Where is respiration controlled? Correct Ans - In the brainstem
How many lobes does the right lung have? How many does the left lung
have? Correct Ans - 1. Right has 3
2. Left has 2
What type of process is expiration? Correct Ans - Passive
What muscles mediate respiration? Correct Ans - 1. Diaphragm
2. SCM
3. Scalenes
4. Intercostal
5. Obliques
What is the primary muscle of inspiration? Correct Ans -
diaphragm
What occurs to the diaphragm and thorax during inspiration? Correct
Ans - 1. Diaphragm contracts
2. Thorax expands (increases in size)
What occurs to the diaphragm and thorax during expiration? Correct
Ans - 1. Diaphragm relaxes
2. Thorax deflates (decreases in size)
*note: decreased size in thorax space assists with pushing air out*
, Describe the technique for doing a respiratory exam. Correct Ans -
1. Ensure a quiet environment
2. Properly position patient
-when listening posteriorly should be seated
-when listening anteriorly can be supine or seated
3. Ensure patient comfort
-make sure hands and stethoscope are warm
-use drape sheet to cover women's chest
4. Inspect then palpate then percuss then auscultate lungs
-auscultation should be done on bare skin
-palpation and percussion aren't done often by nurses
-for auscultation should start posteriorly then laterally then anteriorly
-for auscultation should compare B/L (i.e. use ladder pattern)
What is the normal adult respiration rate? Correct Ans - 12 to 20
What should be assessed during initial respiratory survey? Correct Ans
- 1. Observe patient's breathing pattern (includes RATE, DEPTH, and
EFFORT)
2. Assess A-P diameter
3. Assess patient's color
T/F - generally, respiration should be quiet and easy. Correct Ans -
True
How is A-P diameter assessed? Correct Ans - Look at anterior to
posterior diameter (i.e. draw a line and measure from the front a of
patient's chest to their spine)
Compare that to the transverse diameter (i.e. draw a line and measure from
the left side of the chest to the right side of the chest)
Normally A-P diameter is 1/2 the transverse diameter (i.e. 1:2 ratio)
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