100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Summary LING 100: Introduction to Language and Linguistics Summarized Textbook Notes CA$5.18
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. University Of British Columbia (UBC )
  4.  
  5. Linguistics
  6.  
  7. LING100

Summary

Summary LING 100: Introduction to Language and Linguistics Summarized Textbook Notes
 15 views  0 purchase

In depth and clear summarized textbook notes, covering chapters 3-10 and 17-20 from UBC's LING 100 class with Dr. Eva Csipak. These were all the chapters that she covered during the entirety of the semester when I took this course.

Preview 3 out of 22  pages

Document information

  • No
  • Chapters 3- 10 and 17-20
  • February 5, 2024
  • 22
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

Connected book

book image

Book Title:

Author(s):

  • Edition:
  • ISBN:
  • Edition:

More summaries for

All for this textbook (6)

Written for

All documents for this subject (1)

Seller

avatar-seller
christineliu

Content preview

Chapter 3- The Sounds of Language

Phonetics- general study of the characteristics of speech sounds
Articulatory phonetics- how speech sounds are made/ articulated
Acoustic phonetics- physical properties of speech as sound waves
Auditory phonetics- perception via ear of speech sounds
Only transcribe sounds, not letters

Consonants
- Voiced/ voiceless distinction
- Place of articulation
- Manner of articulation

Voiced and voiceless sounds
- Vocal folds/cords are in the larynx
- Vocal folds spread apart produces voiceless sounds (s)
- Vocal folds drawn together produces voiced sounds (z)

Place of articulation
- Oral tract: air pushes out of the mouth
- Nasal tract: air pushes out of the nose

Familiar symbols
- Bilabial consonants: made w/ both lips
- Eg. [p] in pop, [b] in Bob, [m] in mom, and [w] in wet
- Labiodentals: upper front teeth and lower lip (bunny teeth)
- Eg. [f] and [v]
- Alveolar ridge (behind upper teeth): raise tongue tip to this area
- Eg. [t]. [d], [s], [z], [r], [l], [n]

Unfamiliar symbols
- Theta sign for th sounds
- Circle w/ cross at top: eth sounds
- Dentals: teeth involved
- Interdentals: tongue tip between teeth
- F w/o the line: sh sound
- Tf: ch sound
- 3: chuh like treasure, rouge
- D3: judge, george
- [j]: y like yes, lawyer
- Velars: back of the mouth like [k] and [g]
- N with tail: ng sound
- Glottal: [h]

,Manner of articulation
- Stops aka plosive: blocking airflow briefly, then letting go abruptly like [t], [p]
- Fricative: almost blocking airflow then escapting thru narrow gap [s], [f]
- Affricates: brief stop w/ fricative like [tf] (ch) or [d3] (juh_
- Nasal: air flows out thru nose [m], [n]
- Liquids: raise and curl tongue, let airflow escape round the sides [l] [r]
- Glides: move tongue to or from vowel [w] for we, want [j] for yes, you

Glottal stops and flaps
- Glottal stop [?]: vocals founds are completely closed briefly then released like saying uh
oh with a stop in between uh and oh
- Eg. butter or bottle (buh er) or (buh oh)
- Flap: tongue briefly taps alveolar ridge like butter is “budder”, ladder, medal

Vowels
- Vowels are voiced and produced w free air flow
- Place of articulation: front vs. back and high vs. low
- Heat and hit are high front vowels
- Hat is low front
- Hot is low back

Diphthongs
- Def: combo of 2 vowel sounds
- Moving from [a] to [I] when saying Hi or Bye
- Low toward high front
- [a] and [u] is low toward high back like Awe
- The schwa (upside down e) makes the eh sound: afford, collapse, wanted
- Uvulvar sounds: back of the tongue that makes r sound
- Rouge or lettre

Chapter 4- The Sound Patterns of Language

Phonology- sys and patterns of speech sounds in a language
- Based on what the speaker unconsciously knows abt the sound patterns of their
language
- Concerned w/ mental aspect of language sounds

Phonemes
- Def: a meaning distinguishing sound { / }
- We determine distinct phonemes if we change 1 sound in a word (eg. fine and vine. /f/
and /v/ are separate phonemes)

Natural classes

, - Being in the same class (eg. voiced, bilabial, and stop) can make possible sequences of
phonemes

Phones and allophones
- Phones: diff sounds produced in actual speech in the mouth which uses [ ]
- Phonemes are abstract units or sound types in the mind and uses / /
- Allophone: a set of phones which are versions of 1 phoneme
- [th] is aspirated like in tar
- The [t] sound is unaspirated like in star
- Substituting 1 phoneme for another will change the word’s meaning while substituting
allophones results in different pronunciations of the same word

Complementary distribution
- Def: 2 diff pronunciations (allophones) of a phoneme each used in diff places in words
- Eg. th and t can’t occur at the same time

Minimal pairs and sets
- Minimal pairs: when 2 words are identical except for 1 phoneme like fan and van. Then
these 2 words are minimal pairs
- Minimal sets: same thing but w/ 2+ words like big, pig, rig, fig, dig

Phonotactics
- Def: constraints that are permitted arrangements of sounds that are part of everyone’s
phonological knowledge
- Eg. lig or vig doesn’t exist

Syllables
- Def: contains a vowel or vowel like sound including diphthongs
- First, onset (1+ consonants) then rhyme (vowel) then nucleus (vowels) then coda
(consonants)




-
- Consonant cluster: both onset and coda can have more than 1 single consonant (eg. /st/
in onset, stop and /st/ in coda, post)

Coarticulation effects

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller christineliu. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$5.18. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

53068 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$5.18
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added