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UK economic change
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  • ULC ECONS
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Impacts of industry on the physical environment - ANS The shift from the secondary manufacturing sector to tertiary and quaternary services is good for the environment. Manufacturing usually produces more harmful chemicals and more greenhouse gases than information technology industries. Howeve...

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  • February 8, 2024
  • 6
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • uk economic change

Written for

  • A/AS Level
  • AQA
  • ULC ECONS
  • ULC ECONS
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UK economic change
Impacts of industry on the physical environment - ANS The shift from the secondary manufacturing
sector to tertiary and quaternary services is good for the environment.

Manufacturing usually produces more harmful chemicals and more greenhouse gases than information
technology industries.

However, the UK still consumes the same number of goods, they are just produced elsewhere and
imported.



An example of how modern

industrial development can be more

environmentally sustainable - ANS New technologies allow houses to be built with better insulation,
meaning that less energy is needed to heat them. Materials can be recycled and chemicals can be
captured more easily.

Tata Chemicals have built a plant in Cheshire that uses Carbon Capture and Storage to take carbon from
the air, before then using the carbon to make glass & baking soda.

Celtic Renewables is a business that tries to make biofuels from the waste products of whiskey
production.

Jaguar Land Rover's new factory in Wolverhampton uses solar panels and recycling to reduce its impact
on the environment.



social and economic changes in the rural

landscape in one area of population

growth - ANS The populations of some rural areas have increased because commuters want to live in a
quiet area but also work close to major cities.

Towns in north Somerset like Nailsea are ideal for people who work in Bristol.

Towns like Sevenoaks are ideal for people who work in London.

House prices and congestion rise when commuters move into a rural town like Nailsea.

, social and economic changes in the rural

landscape in one area of population

decline - ANS Cumbria contains the Lake District and towns like Oxenholme, Keswick, and Kendal.

Cumbria is seeing de-population in the area. As a result, some local schools are being shut down and
there are fewer shops for local people.

Tourism is one of the main sources of Cumbria's income and this is very seasonal (strong in the summer,
quiet for the rest of the year).

Even in Cumbria, some areas are growing. The James Cropper paper factory and business create work
for lots of people in the town of Burneside.



Why could less manufacturing in the UK actually be bad for the global environment? - ANS Goods
produced in other nations with lower environmental standards and regulations. Also, these goods must
then be imported.



improvements and new developments in

road and rail infrastructure, port and

airport capacity - ANS The UK has continued to improve its transport network, but mainly the transport
network close to London.

London is the best-connected city in the UK.

It has 4 airports (Heathrow, Gatwick, City, and Stansted) and Heathrow is the 7th busiest airport in the
world transporting 75 million passengers each year.

Trains from Kings Cross-St Pancras travel through the Channel Tunnel to Paris, Brussels, and Amsterdam.

London is well-connected to the rest of the UK and you can travel to Manchester on Avanti trains in 2
hours.

London has not been a port since 1981.



Improvements in airport capacity - ANS The UK government has debated building a new runway at
Heathrow, at Gatwick, or building a new airport on the Thames Estuary. None have happened yet.

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