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PSIO 305 Exam 4 Bao Questions and Answers- Graded A
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Exam of 4 pages for the course PSIO 305 at PSIO 305 (PSIO 305 Exam 4 Bao)
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PSIO 305 Exam 4 Baostressor - Answer- a physical (external), chemical (internal), or psychological (mental) factor resulting in tension of the body or mind
goal of stress response - Answer- maintain or re-gain homeostasis
4 normal stress responses of the body - Answer- 1. sympathetic activation (within 2-3 seconds)
2. activation of adrenal medulla (20-30 seconds)
3. HPA axis activation (mins, hrs, or days)
4. cortisol neg feedback suppresses stress response (return to normal state after stress)
Stress response: Sympathetic activation - Answer- - HR increase, vasoconstriction, sodium/water retention lead to higher BP and better blood circulation
- Glycogenolysis, neoglucogenesis, lipolysis make nutrients more available
- Bronchial dilation results in more O2 intake
- Pupil dilation - more sensory info sent to brain
- Reduced digestion and bladder relaxation direct resources and attention to stressor
- Increased bloodflow to skeletal muscle - Sympathetic innervation of blood vessels of skeletal muscle is cholinergic in animals and is mediated by E/beta2 receptors in both animals and humans but to a lesser degree
Stress response: Adrenal medulla activation - Answer- - release Epinephrine, similar function as Sympathetic activity
- sympathetic activity wanes quickly, E is more long lasting
Stress response: HPA axis - Answer- - Glucocorticoids : breaking down proteins, fatty acids, and glycogen; gluconeogenesis; vasoconstriction; immunosuppression
- Minerolocorticoids : sodium/water retention to increase blood volume/pressure
continue to support fight or flight
Stress response : Cortisol neg feedback to suppress response - Answer- return to normal state after stress
HPA axis not meant to sustain the response
Defining symptoms of PTSD - Answer- 1. Intrusive memories - recurrent, unwanted memories of traumatic event, nightmares, etc
2. Avoidance - avoiding thinking/talking about the event, avoiding reminders of it
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