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Neurobiology Exam 1 IAHSS ADVANCED OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS EXAMS |ACCURATE TESTING VERSIONS
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Membrane potential (Vm) - ANSWER-Electrical potential inside the cell, compared to outside Measured by sticking an electrode into a neuron Measure in millvolts (mV) Resting membrane potential (Vrest) - ANSWER-At rest, the membrane is negative on the inside relative to the outside In the ab...

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  • March 9, 2024
  • 27
  • 2023/2024
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  • neurobiology exam 1 iahss advan
  • neurobiology exam 1 iahss advanced officer certif

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Neurobiology Exam 1 IAHSS
ADVANCED OFFICER CERTIFICATIONS
EXAMS |ACCURATE TESTING
VERSIONS
Membrane potential (Vm) - ANSWER-Electrical potential inside the cell,
compared to outside

Measured by sticking an electrode into a neuron

Measure in millvolts (mV)



Resting membrane potential (Vrest) - ANSWER-At rest, the membrane
is negative on the inside relative to the outside

In the absence of stimulation

Typically around -60 mV for neurons



Depolarization - ANSWER-Vm becomes more positive



Hyperpolarization - ANSWER-Vm becomes more negative

,Passive responses - ANSWER-Graded membrane potentials that decay
the further away you get



Active response - ANSWER-All or none action potential

You reach threshold



Simple diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of a solute from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration directly through the
plasma membrane



Facilitated diffusion - ANSWER-Movement of specific molecules across
cell membranes through protein channels down their concentration
gradient



Electrochemical gradient - ANSWER-The diffusion gradient of an ion,
representing a type of potential energy that accounts for both the
concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and its
tendency to move relative to the membrane potential



Equilibrium - ANSWER-Reached when electrical and chemical gradients
are equal and opposite for an ion

, Electrical potential (Eion) - ANSWER-One electrical voltage that creates
an electrical gradient equal and opposite to the concentration gradient

Described by the Nernst equation

No net movement of ions at this point



Goldman equation - ANSWER-A mathematical relationship used to
predict membrane potential from the concentrations and membrane
permeabilities of multiple ions



Vm depends on... - ANSWER-Both the equilibrium potential for each ion
AND relative permeability for each ion (which is related to the number
of channels open)



Permeability coefficient - ANSWER-An estimate of the ease by which a
molecule can pass through a cellular membrane

No units, just a relative number

High ___ = more ion movement



At rest - ANSWER-At this point, the permeability of potassium is much
larger than the permeability of sodium

Because there are more K+ channels open than Na+ channels

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