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BSC 1005 EXAM 1. || with 100% Errorless Solutions.
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When scientists carry out an experiment, they are testing a ____________. a. theory b. question c. hypothesis d. control e. variable correct answers Hypothesis Of the following, which is the earliest step in the scientific process? A. generating a hypothesis B. analyzing data C. conducti...

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  • March 10, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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BSC 1005 EXAM 1. || with 100% Errorless Solutions.
When scientists carry out an experiment, they are testing a ____________.
a. theory
b. question
c. hypothesis
d. control
e. variable correct answers Hypothesis
Of the following, which is the earliest step in the scientific process?
A. generating a hypothesis
B. analyzing data
C. conducting an experiment
D. drawing a conclusion
E. asking a question about an observation correct answers Asking a question about an observation
In a controlled experiment, which group receives a placebo?
A. the experimental group
B. the control group
C. the scientist group
D. the independent group
E. all groups correct answers The control group
n the studies of coffee and memory discussed in this chapter, the independent variable is ____________ and the dependent variable is ____________.
A. caffeinated coffee; decaffeinated coffee
B. memory; caffeinated coffee
C. caffeine; memory
D. memory; caffeine
E. decaffeinated coffee; caffeinated coffee correct answers caffeine; memory
Can an epidemiologist who finds a correlation between the use of tanning beds and melanoma (an aggressive form of skin cancer) in college-age women conclude that tanning beds cause skin cancer?
A. yes, as long as the correlation was statistically significant
B. yes, but only for college-age women
C. yes, but only melanoma skin cancer, not other forms of skin cancer
D. no; the study would have to be done with a wider range of participants (males and females of different ages) before it can be concluded that tanning beds cause melanoma
E. no; correlation is not proof of causation correct answers no; correlation is not proof of causation
n which of the following would you have the most confidence?
A. a randomized clinical trial with 15,000 subjects
B. a randomized clinical trial with 5,000 subjects C. an epidemiological study with 15,000 subjects
D. an endorsement of a product by a movie star
E. a report on a study presented by a news organization correct answers a randomized clinical trial with 15,000 subjects
What is the importance of statistical analyses?
A. They can reveal whether or not the data have been fabricated.
B. They can be used to support or reject the hypothesis.
C. They can be used to determine whether any observed differences between two groups are real or a result of chance.
D. all of the above
E. b and c correct answers b and c
You hear a news report about a new asthma treatment. What would you want to know before you
asked your doctor if this treatment was right for you?
A. Was the drug tested in a randomized clinical trial?
B. How many participants were in the trial?
C. Was there a significant difference between the effect of the new drug and the treatment used in the control group?
D. Did any of the researchers have financial ties to the manufacturer of the new asthma drug?
E. all of the above correct answers all of the above
You are listening to a news report that claims a new study has found convincing evidence that a particular weight-loss product is much more effective than diet and exercise. What can you infer about the "convincing evidence" in this case?
A. It agrees with the hypothesis.
B. Statistical tests showed significantly more weight loss in the participants who used the weight-loss product than those who relied on diet and exercise.
C. All the participants lost at least 10 pounds.
D. Only the participants who used the weight-loss product lost weight.
E. The participants who used the weight-loss product lost an average of 3 pounds, while the participants that used diet and exercise lost an average of 2 pounds. correct answers it agrees with the hypothesis
You carry out a clinical trial to test whether a new drug relieves the symptoms of arthritis better than a placebo. You have four groups of participants, all of whom have mildly painful arthritis (rated 6 on a scale of 1 to 10). Each group receives a daily pill as follows: group 1 (control), placebo; group 2, 15 mg; group 3, 25 mg; group 4, 50 mg. At the end of 2 weeks, participants in each group are asked to rate their pain on a scale of 1 to 10. What is the independent variable in this experiment?
A. the amount of pain experienced at the start of the experiment
B. the amount of pain experienced at the end of the experiment
C. the degree to which pain symptoms changed between the start and the end of the experiment
D. the drug
E. The independent variable could be a, b, or c correct answers the drug

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