Data Management - Foundations - D426 WGU with 100% correct answers

Data numeric , textual , visual or audio information that describes real-world systems. varies in ways such as scope, format, access. analog data Historically most common before computers, encoded as continuous variations on various physical media. digital data most common today, recorded as 0's and 1's on electronic and magnetic media. database designer determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure database user a consumer of data in a database. can either use an application or submit queries directly to the database. they use, request and update data. to generate reports transaction a group of queries that must be completed or rejected as whole. will result in incomplete or incorrect data if not terminated as a whole. Query processor interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the database or retrieve data, and returns query results to the application. Query optimization to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data from the processor. Storage Manager translates the query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands that modify or retrieve data. indexes used by the storage manager to quickly locate data catalog also called a data dictionary , a directory of tables, columns and indexes as well as other database objects. relational database a database that stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns, similar to a spreadsheet SQL Structured Query Language NoSQL A new generation of database management systems that is not based on the traditional relational database model. query command for a database that typically inserts, retrieves, updates and deletes data from the database. crud Create, Read, Update, Delete statement a database command such as a query that inserts , selects updates and deletes data SELECT Retrieves data from a table UPDATE modifies data in a table data type indicates the type of data that can be stored in a field of a column data independence A condition in which data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics. database model Describes the relationship between the data elements and provides a framework for organizing the data. contains 3 parts data structures operations rules relational model A database model that describes data in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables, called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files. row an unnamed tuple of values , each value corresponds to a column and belongs to the columns data type. relational rules part of the relational model and govern data in every relational database data lake An analytic database of raw, unprocessed data copied from multiple data sources. in-memory database A database management system that stores the entire database in random access memory (RAM). replica a cop of an entire database data warehouse a separate database optimized for analytics instead of operations analytic data Historical data used to make decisions in the present operational data data used for managing business processes, such as for processing transactions or for data analysis distributed transaction A database transaction that accesses data in several remote data processors in a distributed database. Local Transactions updates data on a single node of a distributed database CREATE TABLE A SQL command that creates a table's structures using the characteristics and attributes given. CREATE TABLE Persons ( PersonID int, LastName varchar(255), FirstName varchar(255), Address varchar(255), City varchar(255) ); Data Transaction Language (DTL) manages database transactions Data Control Language (DCL) Commands that control a database, including administering privileges and committing data Data Manipulation Language (DML) A specific language, provided with a DBMS, which allows users to access and modify the data, to make queries, and to generat