Class notes
lecture notes for nutrition class
- Course
- NURS 3073
- Institution
- University Of New Brunswick (UNB )
lecture notes for nutrition class
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Clinical NutritionLecture 2: Carbohydrates and Protein
Function of Carbohydrates
Energy, most efficient form of energy for the body, fibre (decreased
risk of illness), naturally occurring sweeteners, brain and nerve tissue
function best on glucose from carbohydrates
Protein sparing effect – fat source of energy, not carbs (ketosis)
Carbohydrates
Organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Simple Carbohydrates
o Monosaccharides- single carbohydrate units (glucose, fructose,
galactose)
o Disaccharides – two single carbohydrate units bound together
(sucrose, maltose, and lactose)
Complex Carbohydrates
o Polysaccharides – many units of monosaccharides joined
together (starch, glycogen, fibre)
Dietary Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharides
sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose), maltose
(glucose + glucose) *monosaccharide + glucose*
Polysaccharides
starches, fiber
Monosaccharide: Glucose
Dextrose
Body coverts all other digestible carbohydrates to glucose
Found in fruit, vegetables, honey, corn syrup and cornstarch
Monosaccharides: Fructose
Sweetest simple sugar
Found in fruit, honey, vegetables
, Monosaccharide: Galactose
Only significant as it combines with glucose to form lactose
Only in forms of milk
Disaccharide: Sucrose
”sugar”
50% glucose and 50% fructose
Extracted from sugarcane and sugar beets made into white sugar,
brown sugar etc.
Naturally occurs in maple syrup, bananas, dates, pineapple, peas,
sweet potato
Disaccharide: Lactose
Milk sugar
Only animal source of carbohydrate
50% glucose and 50% galactose
Least sweet of all sugars
Enhances calcium absorption
Disaccharide: Maltose
Not found freely in food
Composed of two glucose molecules
Found in beer for fermentation
Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates
Carbs take 1-4 hours to digest
Hydrolysis
Breaking down into simple chains
Mouth
mechanical digestion breaks food into smaller pieces. Amylase begins
chemical digestions (starch amylase> dextrin, maltose)
Stomach
stomach acid and enzymes halt amylase action
Small Intestine
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller hannahiswood. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$17.39. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76449 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now