100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
BSN 346 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers CA$19.57   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. BSN
  4.  
  5. BSN

Exam (elaborations)

BSN 346 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers
 5 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • BSN
  • Institution
  • BSN

BSN 346 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers What physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions predispose an individual to disturbances in fluid intake? - Answer-- habit - social factors - thirst - trauma, infection, neoplasia, surgery --> disruption in physiological signals of th...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 25  pages

Document information

  • April 9, 2024
  • 25
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • bsn 346 final exam questions with correct answ
  • bsn 346 final exam questions with correct answer

Written for

  • BSN
  • BSN

Seller

avatar-seller
norajuma13

Reviews received

Content preview

BSN 346 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers What physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions predispose an individual to disturbances in fluid intake? - Answer -- habit - social factors - thirst - trauma, infection, neoplasia, surgery --> disruption in physiological signals of thirst - altered level of consciousness - inability to acquire or physically drink fluids - increasing age; cerebral osmoreceptor -mediated thirst diminishes in older adults additional routes for fluid intake: - IV - tube in GI tract and other body cavities - subcutaneous tissue or bone marrow - rectal intake - lungs (drowning) How do the compositions of plasma and interstitial fluids differ? How are they similar? - Answer -Different: - Plasma contains many proteins whereas interstitial fluid contains few proteins Similar: - relatively rich in sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate ions - relatively low in potassium, magnesium and phosphate ions What regulates water and electrolyte movement between plasma and interstitial fluids? Across cell membranes? - Answer -Between plasma and interstitial fluids: - Water and electrolytes move across capillary walls by filtration, which is the net result of opposing hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressures in the capillary and the interstitial fluid Across cell membranes: - Water moves in and out of cells by osmosis, which is driven by unequal particle concentrations on the two sides of the semipermeable cell membrane - Electrolytes move across cell membranes through membrane channels or ion pumps What are the usual and pathologic routes of fluid exit from the body? - Answer -Usual: - urinary tract - bowels - lungs - skin Pathologic: - emesis (vomiting) - tubes in GI tract or other body cavities - hemorrhage - drainage from fistulas, wounds, or open areas of the skin - paracentesis (the perforation of a cavity of the body or of a cyst or similar outgrowth, especially with a hollow needle to remove fluid or gas) Under what conditions are extracellular volume deficit and excess likely to occur, and what are the characteristic clinical findings? - Answer -Extracellular fluid volume (ECV) deficit is likely to occur when there is removal of a sodium -containing fluid fr om the body, such as with excessive gastrointestinal or renal excretion, or other losses such as hemorrhage Clinical findings of ECV deficit: - sudden weight loss - postural blood pressure with increased heart rate - flat neck veins - oliguria ECV excess can occur with excessive intravenous infusion of sodium -containing isotonic fluids, and with renal retention of sodium and water Clinical findings of ECV excess: - sudden weight gain - edema - manifestations of circulatory overload Under what conditions are the hypernatremia (water excess) and hyponatremia (water deficit) likely to occur, and what are the characteristic clinical findings? - Answer -
Hypernatremia: - excessive antidiuretic hormone secretion - hypotonic fluid intake Clinical findings of hypernatremia: - low serum sodium concentration - confusion - lethargy - seizure - coma due to cell swelling Hyponatremia: - inadequate water intake - excessive water excretion or loss Clinical findings of hyponatremia: - high serum sodium level - confusion - lethargy - seizure - coma due to cell shriveling What physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions can lead to alterations in electrolyte intake, absorption, distribution, or excretion? How do these differ between specific electrolytes? - Answer -- General conditions that can lead to alterations in electro lyte intake and absorption include altered composition of the diet, composition of intravenous fluids, and surgical removal of portions of the gastrointestinal tract - Potassium and phosphate are absorbed more easily from the gastrointestinal tract than are calcium and magnesium - Additional factors that alter calcium and magnesium absorption include medications and other agents such as undigested fat in the intestines - Absorption of calcium also is influenced by duodenal pH and by availability of vitamin D - General conditions that alter electrolyte distribution and excretion include hormone disorders, medications, the flow rate of renal tubular fluid, and the consistency and composition of feces - Specific hormones and medications affect the distribution and excretion of different electrolytes What are the characteristic clinical findings of plasma excesses and deficits of potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate ions? - Answer -Hyperkalemia --> hypopolarization Hypokalemia --> hyperpolarization Potassium imbalance: - skeletal muscle weakness - flaccid paralysis

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller norajuma13. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$19.57. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

78637 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$19.57
  • (0)
  Add to cart