Exam (elaborations)
Portage Organic Chem Module 5 Questions & answers.
- Course
- Institution
Portage Organic Chem Module 5 Questions & answers.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
ACTUALSTUDY
Reviews received
Content preview
Chem&219Unit
5
Questions
&
answers
Generic
formula
for
alcohols
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-R-OH
phenol
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-hydroxy-substituted
aromatic
molecules
(any
compound
with
an
-OH
attached
to
a
benzene
ring)
IUPAC
system
rules
for
naming
organic
alcohols
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--
organic
alcohols
are
named
by
replacing
the
suffix
of
the
parent
chain
of
the
molecule
with
the
suffix
-ol
-
The
parent
chain
is
numbered
so
as
to
give
the
hydroxyl
group
the
lowest
possible
number.
(examples:
1-propanol,
and
cyclohexanol)
-
with
unsaturated
alcohols
the
-ol
suffix
comes
last
and
takes
priority
when
numbering
the
parent
chain
(2-propene-1-ol)
-
Molecules
with
more
than
one
-OH
group
get
a
prefix
describing
the
number
of
-OH
groups
added
to
the
IUPAC
name.
(ethane-1,2-diol)
Molecules
with
more
than
one
-OH
group
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-polyols
IUPAC
rules
for
phenols
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--
the
suffix
for
an
alcohol
substituted
benzene
is
"phenol"
-
start
the
numbering
at
the
OH
group
(so
OH
is
at
the
1
position)
(examples:
phenol,
3-methylphenol,
2,4-dinitrophenol)
Why
can
alcohols
form
strong
hydrogen
bonds?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Due
to
the
presence
of
the
hydroxyl
group,
as
the
O-H
bond
is
highly
polarized
by
the
electronegative
oxygen
atom.
This
polarization
places
a
+
charge
on
the
hydrogen
atom
and
a
-
charge
on
the
oxygen
atom.
The
polarization
in
the
O-H
bond
on
one
alcohol
molecule
becomes
attracted
to
the
polarization
in
the
O-H
bond
of
another
alcohol
molecule. Why
do
alcohols
have
much
higher
boiling
points
than
other
molecules
of
similar
molecular
weight?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-hydrogen
bonding
between
alcohol
molecules
These
attractions
raise
the
amount
of
energy
required
to
vaporize
the
liquid-phase
molecules
(boil),
which
translates
into
increased
boiling
point
temperatures.
Alcohol
molecules
can
freely
hydrogen
bond
to
other
molecules
possessing
what
groups?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-O-H,
N-H,
or
S-H
functional
groupings
How
does
the
water
solubility
of
alcohol
molecules
change
as
the
molecular
weight
changes?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Alcohol
molecules
of
lower
molecular
weight
are
mostly
soluble
in
water
as
a
result
of
the
ability
to
hydrogen
bond
to
OH,
NH,
or
SH
groups.
As
the
molecular
weight
or
carbon-chain
length
increases,
the
alcohol
molecules
become
correspondingly
less
soluble
in
water.
How
do
alcohols
and
phenols
act
as
weak
acids
and
weak
bases?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER--
acts
as
an
acid
by
donating
the
O-H
proton
as
H
-
acts
as
a
base
by
accepting
H+
using
a
lone
pair
on
the
O
atom
amphoteric
substances
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Substances
that
can
act
as
both
acids
and
bases
(alcohols
and
phenols)
Why
is
acid
dissociation
for
most
alcohols
unfavorable
(lies
towards
the
left)?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-Dissociation
produces
an
alkoxide
ion
(the
conjugate
base
of
an
alcohol),
which
is
a
very
strong
base.
How
can
you
conduct
acid-base
reactions
that
favor
the
formation
of
weaker
conjugate
acids/bases?
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-To
promote
(favor)
the
formation
of
the
alkoxide
ion,
the
alcohol
can
be
treated
with
sodium
or
potassium
metal
(Na
or
K)
or
a
base
that
is
stronger
than
the
RO-
ion
produced.
protonation
of
an
alcohol
-
CORRECT
ANSWER-When
alcohols
act
as
weak
bases
by
using
a
lone
pair
on
the
oxygen
atom
of
the
hydroxyl
group,
alcohols
can
accept
a
proton
when
they
are
placed
in
an
acidic
environment.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ACTUALSTUDY. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$11.47. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
66579 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now