Patho Final Exam With All Complete Questions And Verified Answers.

Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.28; PCO2= 50; HCO3=26 - correct answer Respiratory acidosis Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.19; PCO2= 40; HCO3= 18 - correct answer Metabolic acidosis Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.52; PCO2= 29; HCO3= 23 - correct answer Respiratory alkalosis Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.38; PCO2= 44; HCO3= 24 - correct answer Normal Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.60; PCO2= 40; HCO3= 32 - correct answer Metabolic alkalosis Solve the following acid-base problem: pH= 7.25; PCO2= 47; HCO3= 25 - correct answer Respiratory acidosis Your patient W.M. has the following arterial blood gases: pH= 7.25, pCO2= 50; HCO3= 22. You are not surprised when your patient has a history of which of the following chronic illnesses? - correct answer Emphysema True or false: A patient with respiratory acidosis can compensate for the disorder by hyperventilating. - correct answer False In an attempt to compensate for in metabolic acidosis, the lungs will increase respiratory rates in hopes of: - correct answer Decreasing arterial pCO2 The bicarbonate buffer system is the most important buffer system in the body uses ______ as its weak acid and ________ as its weak base for compensation. - correct answer Carbonic acid; bicarbonate Which of the following patients would have the greatest risk of developing metabolic acidosis? - correct answer Patients with diabetes mellitus True or false: If the acid-base abnormality is respiratory in nature, the lungs will be able to compensate on their own - correct answer False Hyperventilation could eventually cause: - correct answer Alkalosis The best way to treat a patient with hyperventilation is to: - correct answer Have them breathe into a paper bag The strength of an acid is to determine how freely: - correct answer Hydrogen ions are released The end produce of anaerobic metabolism is: - correct answer Lactic acid The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane in response to an uneven concentration of non-modifiable particles from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration is called: - correct answer Osmosis The nucleus is called the control center for the cell because: - correct answer It contains the individual units of inheritance, the genes Aerobic metabolism, also known as the citric acid cycle, provides energy by: - correct answer Combining hydrogen, carbon and oxygen molecules True or false: Glycolysis is the process that does not require oxygen. - correct answer True Within the cell there are physical structures known as _______ suspended in fluid known as __________. - correct answer Organelles; cytoplasm These organelles are small particles of nucleoproteins and may be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. They serve as the sight for protein synthesis/production. - correct answer Ribosomes In order to survive, the cell constantly makes adjustments to a changing environment, a process called: - correct answer Adaption A person eating peanuts starts chocking and collapses. His airway obstruction is partially cleared, but he remains hypoxia caused a cerebral infarction and resulted in __________ in the brain. - correct answer Necrosis The increase in the size of the heart cells due to increased workload is referred to as: - correct answer Hypertrophy True or false: Metaplasia is a reversible cellular process. - correct answer True A patient is jaundice from an accumulation of bilirubin. This is an example of a(n) ___________ accumulation. - correct answer Endogenous Which of the following organelles within the cell is considered the "power plant" of the cell? - correct answer Mitochondria Apoptosis is a process that results in: - correct answer Cellular death An increase in the number of cells is referred to as: - correct answer Hyperplasia The decrease in brain size that accompanies the aging process is referred to as: - correct answer Atrophy J.C. complains of sore throat, extreme fatigue, and fever. His exam reveals an oral temperature of 102.4 and reddened mucosa with swollen lymph nodes. A throat culture is positive for mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. The etiology of J.C.'s throat infection is: - correct answer Epstein-Barr virus The nurse would document her findings of temperature of 102.4 F, swollen lymph nodes, and reddened throat mucosa. These would be classified: - correct answer Signs Mr. K has arteriosclerosis (hardening