IB Biology Topic 6 Latest Update 100% Pass

IB Biology Topic 6 Latest Update 100% Pass pathogen any disease-producing agent (especially a virus or bacterium) antigen any surface protein that may elicit an immune response or cell recognition digestion the process where food is converted into smaller molecules that can be absorbed into the body enzymes globular proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body amylase enzyme found in saliva and pancreatic juice that breaks the chemical bonds in starches protease enzyme that speeds up the breakdown of proteins into amino acids. produced by the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas. lipase an enzyme secreted by the pancreas that catalyzes the breakdown of fats into individual fatty acids stomach An organ of the digestive system that contains acid, protease enzymes and churns food. small intestine organ that completes the chemical digestion of food and absorbs the nutrients large intestine the last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body absorption the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion assimilation the process where cells absorb nutrients and use them for what the body needs villi fingerlike projections of the small intestine (illeum) that helps it absorb nutrients heart multi-chambered, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body coronary arteries arteries that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle myogenic Describes muscle tissue (heart muscle) that generates its own contractions. pacemaker a specialized bit of heart tissue that controls the heartbeat nerves any bundle of fibers belonging to the nervous system that transmits sensations and messages between the brain and other parts of the body medulla part of the brain nearest the spinal cord (base of brainstem) which controls breathing, heart rate and blood pressure. adrenaline affect sympathetic nervous system in stress response arteries thick walled, elastic blood