IB Biology: Chapter 1.6 Latest Update Graded A

IB Biology: Chapter 1.6 Latest Update Graded A cell cycle all stages in the life cycle of a cell interphase composed of G1, S, and G2; = the growth of the cell. G1 - DNA transcription - protein synthesis (centrioles) - cell Respiration (produces energy) - growth of cell volume - organelles double (mitochondria & chloroplast) -increase in energy stored G0 the stage where cells are unlikely to divide (ex: neurons) S - synthesis of genetic material - DNA replication - duplication of chromosomes into sister chromatids G2 - growth & production of components needed for cell division (mitosis & cytokinesis) 3 metabolic reactions that occur during interphase - protein synthesis - DNA replication - Increase in the number of mitochondria and/or chloroplast mitosis nuclear division; split into 4 parts: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, & telaphase prophase - DNA and proteins condense into tightly coiled chromosomes (& become 2 sister chromatids) - nuclear envelope breaks down - centrioles begin to move to opposite poles - spindle fibers form between 2 centrosomes - chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers at their centromeres metaphase - spindle fibers attach to each chromosome - chromosomes align at the equator anaphase - centromeres divide - sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell - spindle fibers begin to shorten telophase - nuclear membrane starts