Class notes
Separation of Substances
- Course
- Chemistry 11
- Institution
- 12th Grade
It provides a good discussion about the separation of substances
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Chemistry 11: Introduction to Chemical Separation Techniques of MixturesMagnetic Sieves
Magnetic sieves exploit the magnetic properties of certain materials. When a mixture containing
magnetic and non-magnetic components is passed through a magnetic sieve, the magnetic
component is attracted to the sieve while the non-magnetic component passes through.
Example: Separating a mixture of iron filings (magnetic) and sand (non-magnetic) using a
magnetic sieve. The iron filings are attracted to the magnetic sieve, leaving behind the sand.
Distillation
Simple Distillation:
Simple distillation separates substances with different boiling points. The mixture is
heated, and the component with the lower boiling point vaporizes first, while the other
components remain liquid. The vapor is then condensed back into liquid form.
Example: Separating ethanol (boiling point: 78.37°C) from water (boiling point: 100°C) by
heating the mixture. Ethanol vaporizes first, and the vapor is collected and condensed to
obtain pure ethanol.
Fractional Distillation:
Fractional distillation is used when the components of a mixture have closer boiling
points. A fractionating column is added to the distillation setup, providing multiple
condensation and vaporization stages. This allows for more efficient separation of
components with similar boiling points.
Example: Separating different hydrocarbons in crude oil, where the various fractions
(such as gasoline, diesel, and kerosene) have close boiling points.
Solvent Extraction Funnel
Solvent extraction utilizes the differential solubility of substances in different solvents. The mixture
is dissolved in a suitable solvent, and then another solvent is added which selectively dissolves
one component. The two immiscible layers are then separated.
Example: Extracting caffeine from tea leaves by dissolving the mixture in water, adding
dichloromethane (which selectively dissolves caffeine), and then separating the two layers.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller chlouenicoletrazona. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$14.25. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now