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Fiche d’étude Maladie de Crohn

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Chaque fiche pathologique comprend : Définition Physiopathologie Étiologie Facteurs de risque Manifestations cliniques Complications Examens cliniques et paracliniques diagnostiques Traitements (chirurgicaux, pharmacologiques, médicaux, nutritionnels)

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Maladie de Crohn




Définition

La maladie de Crohn est une maladie auto-immune intestinale qui cause des réactions
inflammatoires excessives, inappropriées et soutenues.

Elle apparaît généralement à l’adolescence et au début de l’âge adulte (vingtaine) avec
une seconde poussée dans la soixantaine.

Étiologie

Les causes des MICI sont inconnues.

Physiopathologie

L’inflammation touche toutes les couches de la paroi intestinale et sont profondes et
longitudinales (pavés). Touche n’importe qu’elle partie du tractus gastro-intestinal (de
la bouche à l’anus). L’iléon et le côlon sont les plus souvent touchés. Ce sont des lésions
discontinues, il y a donc des ssegments non touchés. Il est à noter qu’il y a des périodes
de rémission entrecoupées.

Facteurs de risque

Tabagisme
Génétique
Prise d’AINS
Stress
Caucasiens des régions industrialisées

Manifestations cliniques

Au début, les symptômes sont semblables à ceux du syndrome du côlon irritable.

Subjectives

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Uploaded on
May 9, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
2023/2024
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