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EIP Midterm USA Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions
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Quantitative Research - research that assumes there is an objective truth. Uses numerical measures Qualitative Research - assumes the truth is subjective and relative to each individual quasi-experimental design - lacks the random assignment or comparison groups or both Single subject designs -...

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  • May 10, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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EIP Midterm USA
Quantitative Research - research that assumes there is an objective truth. Uses numerical
measures



Qualitative Research - assumes the truth is subjective and relative to each individual



quasi-experimental design - lacks the random assignment or comparison groups or both



Single subject designs - single participant or subject establishes a cause and effect relationship



independent variable - predictor or "cause" variable



dependent variable - outcome, response, or effect variable



Validity - related to truthfulness or accuracy of a study's results



Types of validity - 1. internal

2. external



internal validity - relationsip between the independent and dependent variables is free from the
effects of extraneous factors



external validity - study can be generalized to persons or settings outside the experimental
situation



Threats to validity - 1. is there a relationship between the IV and DV?

2. is there evidence that one causes the other

3. can the results be generalized

, 7 single group threats to internal validity - 1. history

2. maturation

3. attrition

4. testing

5. instrumentation

6. statistical regression toward the mean

7. selection/assignment



History - (threat to internal validity) confounding event of specific events that occur during study



Maturation - (threat to internal validity) passage of time during a study



Attrition - (threat to internal validity) subjects that drop out of a study before completed



Testing - (threat to internal validity) potential effect of pretesting on the dependent variable.



Instrumentation - (threat to internal validity) reliability of measurement



Regression toward the mean - (threat to internal validity) When measures are not reliable,
tendency for extreme scores on the pretest to regress toward the mean on the posttest.



assignment - (threat to internal validity) occurs when the process of placing subjects in to group
results in differences in the baseline characteristics between groups



3 Social threats to validity - 1. Diffusion of treatment

2. compensatory rivalry

3. Resentful demoralizatoin

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