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68W LPC Exam With Complete Solutions

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68W LPC Exam With Complete Solutions Is the study of substances that interact with living organisms through chemical processes pharmacology Is the science of substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease Medical pharmacology The reason or conditions for which a particular med...

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  • May 19, 2024
  • 21
  • 2023/2024
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68W LPC Exam With Complete Solutions
Is the study of substances that interact with living organisms through chemical processes
pharmacology


Is the science of substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease
Medical pharmacology


The reason or conditions for which a particular medication is given
Indication


The amount of medication given at or within a specified period of time
Dose


The largest amount of medication either as a single dose or within a period time (such as 24 hours)

i.e max dose for Tylenol for an otherwise healthy adult is 3000mg
Maximum Dose


administering a medication with variable strength, interval, and quantity to achieve and maintain a
desired, observable physiological effect
Titration


a medical reason to NEVER give a medication
Absolute Contraindication


a medical reason a med should not be given but may be acceptable in certain circumstances
Relative contraindication


hypersensitivity response induced by exposure
Allergy


an unintended but not surprising consequence of a medication (besides an allergy)
Side effect


the desire change in physiology for administering the medication
Therapeutic effect


the blood level of a medication required to achieve the therapeutic effect
Therapeutic level


the blood level of a medication which will cause tissue damage
Toxic level

,When medication is at its highest concentration
Peak


the lowest blood level of a medication between doses
Trough


the time for the body to eliminate 1/2 of the dose of medication
Half-life


a relatively constant blood level of medication which is sustained after 5-6 half-lives of medication
Steady State


the body has adapted to having a medication regularly and now requires higher or more frequent
doses to achieve the therapeutic effect
Tolerance


when infectious organisms adapt to antibiotics or antivirals and it takes either higher doses of the
same medication or a change to a different medication to kill the organisms
Resistance


the process of the body to break down and eliminate medications
Metabolism


the recommended time period between doses of a medication
Dosing interval


the time until a medication's therapeutic effect begins
Onset


the time until the medication's therapeutic effect wears off
Duration of Effect


the length of time a course of medication is continued to ensure the desired effect is maintained
Duration of Therapy


All of the limitations, considerations and instructions required, regarding a medication, to help
achieve the desired physiological response while minimizing side effects
Dosing parameters


other medical problems which may affect metabolism or may make the patient more susceptible for a
side effect or toxicity
Comorbidities


medications which kill or inhibit the reproduction of bacteria

, Antibiotics


categorizes bacteria into either a GRAM POSITIVE or GRAM NEGATIVE
Gram Stain Testing


usually constant for each dose, but may change
Strength of medication


this is usually based on an hourly time interval or a number of times per day
Frequency of each dose


indicates the presence of peptidoglycan (is the substance that forms a tough and rigid cell wall)

retains color of gram stain
Gram positive


indicates that the cell membrane out structure consists of a cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by a
thin layer of peptidoglycn

does not retain color from gram staining
Gram negative


bacteria that thrives only in an oxygen environment
Aerobic


bacteria that only grow well in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic


T/F
antibiotics are not effective on virus and fungi
True


Fungi are living organisms which can reproduce how?
sexually or asexually


damaging or destructive to liver cells
hepatotoxic


1. Metabolized in the liver
2. Max dose of 1g given 3 times a day
3. 15mg/kg 4 times a day for children less than 12 years of age
Acetaminophen


How much Acetaminophen will cause harm to your liver?
150mg/kg or 7-10g

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