Exam (elaborations)
AQA A-Level Philosophy - Ethics 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
- Course
- Institution
AQA A-Level Philosophy - Ethics 2024 Exam Questions and Answers
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
RevisionKing
Reviews received
Content preview
AQA A-Level Philosophy - Ethics 2024Exam Questions and Answers
What is utilitarianism - Answer>> An ethical theory which
argues that the correct way of action is that derived from working
out what brings happiness to the greatest number
What is hedonism - Answer>> The belief that pleasure is the
chief good
quantitative - Answer>> Concerned with the amount
qualitative - Answer>> concerned with the quality
What are the main two qualities of Bentham's Act Utilitarianism -
Answer>> hedonistic and teleological
'two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure' which 'govern us in all
we do' - Answer>> Bentham
According to act utilitarianism, which actions are good ones -
Answer>> Actions which bring about pleasure or the lack of
pain
'that principle which approves or disapproves of every action
whatsoever' - Answer>> The principle of utility
Greatest Happiness Principle - Answer>> an action is good if it
produces the greatest happiness for the greatest number
Why did Bentham believe that you should seek pleasure over
pain - Answer>> he was a psychological hedonist
,What does it mean that act utilitarianism is instrumental -
Answer>> the results justify the means
According to Bentham, what is the only thing which offers an
understanding of rights based on concrete observable verification
- Answer>> principle of utility
How did Bentham work out whether the calculus was morally
good - Answer>> hedonic calculus
other names for the hedonic calculus - Answer>> felicific/utility
What are the 7 hedons - Answer>>
duration/intensity/propinquity/extent/certainty/purity/fecundity
Duration hedon - Answer>> how long will the pleasure last
Intensity hedon - Answer>> how intense will the pleasure be
Propinquity hedon - Answer>> How near is the pleasure to you
Extent hedon - Answer>> How universal will the pleasure be?
Certainty hedon - Answer>> how certain is it that pleasure will
be the result of the action
Purity hedon - Answer>> Is there likely to be pain mixed with
pleasure?
Fecundity hedon - Answer>> Will it lead to furthur pleasure?
,'the balance, if it be on the side of pleasure, will give the good
tendency of the act upon the whole' - Answer>> Bentham,
hedonic calculus
'pleasures then... are the ends that the legislator has in view' -
Answer>> Bentham, pleasures are the ends we seek
'everybody is to count for one, and nobody for more than one' -
Answer>> Bentham, how the hedonic calculus was democratic
'no one person's pleasure is greater than another's' - Answer>>
Bentham, how the hedonic calculus was egalitarian
Strengths of act utilitarianism - Answer>> appeals to human
nature, allows for benevolence and sympathy/fair, objective and
democratic
What is the major problem with act utilitarianism - Answer>>
commits the naturalistic fallacy
Why is the calculus a problem with act utilitarianism - Answer>>
You have to use the calculus with each moral action which is
largely time consuming, and it is also unclear how you measure
pleasure, as you don't know the responses of individuals involved
What is the problem of liberty and the rights of the individual when
using the hedonic calculus - Answer>> The minorities lose out
in any situation, and any action is justifiable when using the
calculus
What is the problem of particular relationships with act
utilitiarianism - Answer>> Any action should add to the general
happiness, and so if you are going to buy someone a gift it would
, be morally better to give that money to charity instead as it would
create more happiness for more people - the happiness of
specific individuals don't matter
What is the problem of act utilitarianism not recognising moral
values - Answer>> it is irrelevant what our intentions are as to
whether an action is good or bad which completely goes against
our human nature
Who theorised Rule Utilitarianism - Answer>> John Stuart Mill
What is rule utilitarianism based on - Answer>> Value theory
What is value theory - Answer>> the only thing which is good is
happiness
When is an action right according to rule utilitarianism -
Answer>> an action is right when it complies with those rules
which, if everybody follows them, would lead to the greatest
happiness
according to rule utilitarianism which pleasures should you act out
- Answer>> the ones which cause the least harm to others
does rule utilitarianism persecute the minorities - Answer>> No
What type of pleasure is rule utilitarianism concerned with -
Answer>> qualitative
What is Mill concerned about due to the fact that he has a
qualitative theory - Answer>> higher and lower pleasures
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller RevisionKing. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$10.48. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79976 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now