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Summary Unit 6 IB ESS Notes
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Chapter 6 for the ESS IB syllabus. The notes are in great detail and basically replace the book.
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2. Ecosystems and Ecology
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Unit 6: Atmospheric systems and Society6.1. Introduction to the atmosphere
Atmosphere: dynamic system with inputs, outputs, storages and flows
Essential to life on Earth
Mixture of nitrogen and oxygen and small amounts of CO2 and water vapour
Human activities alter inputs and outputs of the system -> affects ecosystems
Climate is influenced by:
Abiotic factors – temperature
Biotic factors – plants and animals
The greenhouse effect: natural phenomenon which maintains suitable temperatures for
living systems. This is caused by water vapour, CO2 and methane.
Albedo: the amount of radiation that a surface is able to reflect
6.2. Stratospheric ozone
Ozone (O3): radioactive gas that blocks incoming ultraviolet radiation from the sun and
protects life from damaging ultraviolet radiation
Found in the stratosphere (good) and in the troposphere (bad)
Mostly found in the ozone layer
Human activities have disturbed the dynamic equilibrium (state of balance
between continuing processes) of stratospheric ozone formation
Ultraviolet radiation
Damaging effects:
o Genetic mutation
o Skin cancer
o Damage to photosynthetic organisms
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