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ERP FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE
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ERP FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATE1) Describe the functional organizational structure. Why do you think
this structure is so widely used? - ANSWER - Most common
organizational structure
- Functional structure divided into functions or departments
- Functions perform specialized tasks or activities
- Processes cut across functions
2) What is the Silo effect? - ANSWER - Focusing on functional
objectives without regard to process objectives
- Optimizing functional goals vs. process goals
o Local Optimization
o Competing goals
o Conflicting performance measures
- Performance data is collected and managed within functions
o Often duplicated
o Difficult to update across functions
- Process execution requires communication and coordination
among functions
o This communication and coordination is even more difficult within a
global enterprise
Why does the Silo Effect Exist? - ANSWER CONFLICT: Most
organizations are structured FUNCTIONALLY while the processes
are designed CROSS-FUNCTIONALLY.
Managers do this - ERP systems DO NOT: - ANSWER • Define the
,organization mission or vision
• Set goals for organizations and groups
• Define competitive business strategies
How can Silo Effect be eliminated? - ANSWER ERP Systems can
minimize the silo effect
Enterprise Systems (ERP) support cross-functional processes
(often globally)
• Centralize and coordinate information in a central database
• Process are streamlined by consolidating duplicate data
• Processes are standardized using best practices
• Diverse business processes are connected
• Scalability is possible (relatively simple to grow in size)
3) What is a business process? - ANSWER - Business Process: The
set of activities designed to convert inputs into value-added Output
- Has a specific goal
- Initiated by some sort of trigger (inputs)
- Involves multiple steps (tasks)
- Are executed and influenced by multiple functions within the
organization
- Utilizes and creates data (resources)
- Results in a product or document outcome (value-added output)
4) Briefly describe the key business process included in this chapter
in terms of their key steps - ANSWER - Procurement, Materials
Management - Buy
- Production Planning - Make
, - Fulfillment, Sales and Distribution- Sell
- Material Planning - Plan
- Inventory and Warehouse Management - Store
- Lifecycle Data Management - Design
- Asset Management and Customer Service - Service
- Human Capital Management - People
- Project Management - Projects
- Financial Accounting - Tracking for External Reporting
- Management Accounting - Tracking for Internal Reporting
1) Discuss the three types of data in an enterprise system and how
they are related: - ANSWER organizational data, master data and
transaction data.
o Organizational data - ANSWER are used to represent the structure
of an enterprise. Examples of an organizational structure are
companies, subsidiaries, factories, warehouses, storage areas, and
sales regions.
• Examples of organizational structure are client, company code, and
plant.
o Master data - ANSWER represent entities associated with various
processes such as selling a product a customer.
• Examples of master data are customer, vendors and materials.
Transaction data reflect the consequences of executing process
steps, or transactions.
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