100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Crisis 2- Exam 4 Questions with 100% Actual correct answers | verified | latest update | Graded A+ | Already Passed | Complete Solution CA$11.51   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. All Summer Modules Studies 2024
  4.  
  5. All Summer Modules Studies 2024
  6.  
  7. All summer modules studies 2024

Exam (elaborations)

Crisis 2- Exam 4 Questions with 100% Actual correct answers | verified | latest update | Graded A+ | Already Passed | Complete Solution

1 review
 10 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • All summer modules studies 2024
  • Institution
  • All Summer Modules Studies 2024

Crisis 2- Exam 4 Questions with 100% Actual correct answers | verified | latest update | Graded A+ | Already Passed | Complete Solution

Preview 3 out of 30  pages

Document information

  • June 19, 2024
  • 30
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

  • crisis 2 exam 4 questions with 100 actual correc

Written for

  • All summer modules studies 2024
  • all summer modules studies 2024
  • All summer modules studies 2024
All documents for this subject (274)

1  review

review-writer-avatar

By: EXAMQA • 5 months ago

Seller

avatar-seller
Hkane

Reviews received

Content preview

Crisis 2- Exam 4
interpreting a CBC...
look at...
-WBC
-RBC
-Hgb
-Hct
interpreting a CBC with differential...
shows...
-neutrophils
-lymphocytes
-monocytes
-eosinophils
-basophils
-platelet count(s)
if H&H is low, the patient is _________________
anemic
analysis of anemia labs: step 1
determining the RBC size measured by the Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)
RBC size (MCV): low (<80)
patient has a small cell or microcytic anemia
RBC size (MCV): normal (80-100)
patient has a normal size cell or normocytic anemia
RBC size (MCV): high (>100)
patient has a very large cell or macrocytic anemia
analysis of anemia labs: step 2
look at how much hemoglobin is inside the cell
-this gives the cell its color (chromic) and is measured by the MCH and MCHC
amount of hemoglobin: normochromic
normal color & a normal MCHC (31-37 g/dl)
amount of hemoglobin: hypochromic
pale color and a low MCHC (below 31 g/dl)
analysis of anemia labs: step 3
look at the size of the cells in circulation
-size of cells in circulation is measured by the RDW (normal is 11.5-15%)
-small cells and pale cells go together!
analysis of anemia labs: step 4
look at the reticulocyte count
-normally we have 2% retics in the blood
-reticulocytosis is a normal response to anemia as the bone marrow will pump out
lots of young red blood cells (retics)
causes of microcytic/ hypochromic anemia:
-iron deficiency

,-thalassemia (genetic)
-plumbism (lead poison)
-sideroblastic (leads to leukemia)
-aluminum toxicity (unusual)
-G6PD (hemolytic anemia)
causes if normocytic/ normochromic anemia:
-anemia of chronic disease
-acute blood loss
-early iron deficiency
causes of macrocytic/ normocytic anemia:
-vitamin B12 deficiency
-folate deficiency
-pernicious anemia
type of anemia: iron deficiency anemia
poor absorption or excessive loss of iron
type of anemia: pernicious anemia
poor absorption of B12 due to absence of intrinsic factor
--> leads to low H&H, GI problems (gas), neuro symptoms
-must administer cobalamin (IM or intranasal)
type of anemia: aplastic anemia
bone marrow without erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic (platelet) cell lines
-xrays, some antibiotics, chemo (isolation pxns)
--> requires transfusions until bone marrow again produces cells
type of anemia: hemolytic anemia
as RBCs are destroyed, kidneys are taxed to get rid of cell byproducts and often
renal failure ensues
-bone marrow can't keep up with RBC loss
type of anemia: thalassemia
genetic disorder leading to inadequate hemoglobin production
type of anemia: sickle cell disease
chronic anemia characterized by "c" shaped cells causing painful joints --> receive
lots of pain meds!
-crisis is induced by: stress, cold temps, infection, hypoxic episodes
anemia: associated S/S
-hypotension
-tachycardia
-change of stool color
-splenomegaly
-skin paleness, yellowing eyes
-shortness of breath
-severe: may cause heart attack

, polycythemia vera:
over production of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets due to stem cell stimulation
-Hct > 55 (normal is 37-50)
-thick blood + large blood volume = organ congestion
polycythemia vera: S/S
-red complexion
-dizziness
-headache
-visual disturbances
-painful joints
polycythemia vera: treatment
-phlebotomy
-myelosuppressive drugs
-radiation therapy
polycythemia vera: primary
uncommon disorder of increased RBC production
polycythemia vera: secondary
response to elevated erythropoietin levels...
-living in high altitude
-smoking
-COPD
aplastic anemia:
reduced bone marrow function (all three cell lines), caused by...
-genetic failure
-trauma to stem cells (radiation, chemo, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant,
antiinflammatory drugs)
bone marrow biopsy:
for blood dycrasias
-number, size, shape of RBC, WBC and platelet precursors
-site is posterior iliac crest or sternum
-no pre-procedure prep needed, area numbed with local anesthetic
-requires consent!




sickle cell trait and disease:

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Hkane. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$11.51. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
CA$11.51
  • (1)
  Add to cart