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Cambridge IGCSE/O-Level Physics (0625) Notes
- Course
- IGCSE Physics
- Institution
- 11th Grade
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General PhysicsLength and time
● Rulers can be used to measure the length of objects
● Those lengths can also be used to find their volume
● Measuring cylinders can be used to find the volume of a liquid
Measurement by displacement
● To measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object:
1. Place water in a measuring cylinder. Take note of its volume.
2. Place the object in the water. Take note of the volume now.
3. Find the difference in volume to find the volume of the object.
1ml = 1cm3
,Time
● To measure an interval of time, you can use analogue or digital clocks
Measuring small distances/intervals
● Measuring something small is tough, so measure something larger!
● Measure multiples of that thing, then find the average length of each thing
● Ex. measuring 500 sheets of paper, finding the total length, and dividing it by 500
● This can be used to measure the period of a pendulum as well!
● Period: A pendulum swinging left to right and back again
Micrometer screw gauge
,Motion
1.2.1 – Speed and acceleration
● Speed: The distance moved by an object in a time period
Speed is measured in meters/second
, ● Velocity is similar to speed, however it is a vector and therefore includes direction. This
means 2 objects can have the same speed, but opposite velocities
● Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity. Note that acceleration is a vector.
● Since it’s a vector, acceleration can be negative. This would be deceleration
Acceleration is measured in m/s2 (meters/second/second)
1.2.2 – Distance-time graphs
● A distance-time graph shows how the distance of an object from a point varies over time
● You can calculate the speed of an object at a point by finding the gradient of the line
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