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REE 301 Test 2 Review (1)
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REE 301 Test 2 ReviewWhat was the "secret speech"? Give date, briefly explain significance. - ANS-Khruschev
calls out Stalin and the purges. In 1956, wanting to enact destalinization
Who was Josip Broz Tito? - ANS-Leader of socialist Yugoslavia from 1953-1980.
Yugoslavia fell apart after his death.
Who was Ever Hoxa? - ANS--Leader of communist Albania.
-Turned Albania into a small Soviet Union
Give the year of the Hungarian Revolution. - ANS-1956
What is Constructivism? - ANS--Based on the avant garde movement in the 1920s in
the Soviet Union.
-Incorporates Leninism and lots of industrialism
-Composition replaced with "Construction" and the abolition of division between industry
and fine arts
-The artist is seen as a "producer"/worker
What is socialist realism? - ANS--The official art doctrine that was a state supported art
movement after 1932
-Represented a break from constructivism, emphasized art that reflected the future
socialist utopia
Briefly explain how I Served the King of England can be read as a national allegory. -
ANS--Dite can be seen as a personification of Czechoslovakia itself: it starts as this little
new country created after WW1 and then faces many political struggles with the country
being occupied by Nazi Germany and then eventually the communist after WW2
-These historical moments are reflected in Dite's struggles throughout the whole book
as he is trying to find his place which can speak to the Czech experience like how Dite
lost everything when Communism happened similarly to how when the whole country
was occupied by Communism they lost everything
What was the "Action Programme" in communist Czechoslovakia? Give year and brief
explanation. - ANS--Created by Dubcek and through the programme pushed "socialism
with the human face"
-It is a liberalized form of socialism in the media and politics that comes about in 1968
that prompts the invasion of Czechoslovakia
, Who was Alexander Dubček? - ANS-Head of the communist party in Czechoslovakia
Give the date of the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia. - ANS-August 20, 1968
How does Slavenka Drakulić in How We Survived Communism and Even Laughed
depict East European women in socialism? What is a potential criticism of this
depiction? - ANS-Depiction:
-Depicts EE women as resilient through the shortages and lack of consumerism
-this depicts equating freedom w consumer choice as she talks a lot about how
products like food and certain cosmetics weren't available
-depicts that the economy is in a really difficult situation that really falls upon women
Critique:
-Critiques life as almost unbearable and this endless torment of disappointment, life
couldn't have always been that bad and she could have maybe been playing it up for a
Western audience
-Not every women had that experience, she kind of erases the diversity of women in
EE
What was "Solidarity"? - ANS--Trade union founded in 1980 grows to be a huge mass
movement in communist Poland that was repressed by the government
-Challenges the authority of the Polish socialist state and by the late 1980s it grows to
be one of the most powerful forces in the country pushing for the end of society
communism
-Assists in helping the fall of communism in 1989
What was the Warsaw Pact? - ANS--A defense treaty/pact that was a counter to NATO
that functioned as a Soviet dominated empire that the states in it had some power
What countries participated in the Warsaw Pact? - ANS-Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East
Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Soviet Union (Albania was there but then it
left)
Give the year in which martial law was imposed in Poland. - ANS-1981
What is glasnot'? - ANS--Political liberalization under Gorbachev
-Openness and more transparency in the Soviet government in an attempt to bring
more voices of people and freedom of information into the government
What is perestroika? - ANS--Restructuring the Soviet Union
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