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LSU Bio 1201 Exam 2 Questions With Verified Answers
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LSU Bio 1201 Exam 2 Questions With Verified Answers why are membranes called phospholipid bilayers? phospholipids have hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, hydrophobic face inside of cell making 2 layers what is meant by fluid mosaic? Mosaic of proteins drifting laterally in fluid bilayer...

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  • June 28, 2024
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LSU Bio 1201 Exam 2 Questions With Verified
Answers
why are membranes called phospholipid bilayers?
phospholipids have hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail, hydrophobic face inside of cell making 2
layers


what is meant by fluid mosaic?
Mosaic of proteins drifting laterally in fluid bilayer of phospholipids


how are membranes adjusted for different temperatures?
membrane fluidity adjusted by changing the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids


how do the relative amounts of saturated and unsaturated fats change?
if you are in a cold environment you want more saturated fats for your membranes to be fluid; warm
environment you want more saturated fats to make your membranes more solid


what is meant by membrane fluidity?
not too solid, not too fluid


why is fluidity an important property?
preserves membrane function


Henrique and Hanson performed experiments with pigs and examined the effects on the relative
amounts of saturated and unsaturated fats. What did they find?
found that membrane fluidity can acclimate to temperature; pigs raised wearing underwear in a hot
room had subcutaneous fats with higher melting point


what types of molecules can move easily across the membrane?
small nonpolar molecules, gases, steroid hormones, and water


what is simple diffusion?
down the concentration gradient; does not require supplied energy; does not use a carrier molecule


what is facilitated diffusion?
down the concentration gradient; employs carrier molecule; does not require supplied energy


what is active transport?
work must me done; must use supplied energy; employs carrier molecule


for which transport processes are carrier molecules involved?
facilitated diffusion and active transport


which transport processes require the input of additional energy?
active transport

, what is a semi-permeable barrier?
only some types of molecules pass through


when equilibrium is reached in diffusion: does movement of molecules stop?
no


when equilibrium is reached in diffusion: does the net movement of molecules stop?
yes


what is meant by hypertonic?
lower water potential; more solutes dissolved; tend to gain water via osmosis


what is meant by hypertonic?
higher water potential; fewer solutes dissolved; will tend to lose water via osmosis


isotonic
equivalent water potential; equal number of solutes; no note movement of water


in which direction does water flow?
osmosis and the direction of net water movement


what are aquaporins?
channel proteins which facilitate water diffusion through the membrane


marine bony fish are...?
hypotonic to seawater


how do enzymes work?
they position the reactants in a conformation more favorable for the chemical reaction to occur


what aspects of the energetics do enzymes change?
enzymes lower activation energy barrier ΔG⧧


what aspects of energetics do enzymes not affect?
they do not reverse an energetically unfavorable reactions; they do not make a reaction go uphill


how are substrates lured into the active site?
positively charged arginine sidechain lures the negatively charged substrate into the active site


what are the analogs to these characters in the binding of substrates to enzymes?
Siren song= positively charged arginine sidechain
Negatively charged substrate= Odysseus' men

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