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PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025
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PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025 Alpha Particles Beta Particles Gamma Radiation. Put these different types of radiation in order from MOST to LEAST penetrating. Gamma > Beta > Alpha The meltdown at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl ...

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  • June 30, 2024
  • 36
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
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PHYSICAL SCIENCE TEST REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS WITH

COMPLETE CORRECT ANSWERS 2024/2025


Alpha Particles

Beta Particles

Gamma Radiation. Put these different types of radiation in order from MOST to

LEAST penetrating.

Gamma > Beta > Alpha

The meltdown at the nuclear power plant in Chernobyl released radioactive

particles and energy that can damage cells. This damage to cells can be

prevented by all but which of these?

wood

Alpha Particles

Beta Particles

Gamma Radiation

Put these different types of radiation in order from FASTEST to SLOWEST.

Gamma > Beta > Alpha

Many smoke detectors use americium-241 to detect very small particulates in the

air. This is done by using a stream of radioactive particles that can be stopped by

the small smoke particulate. Which type of radiation is MOST LIKELY used in a

smoke detector, as it can be stopped by something this small?

alpha particles

,Uranium-238 goes through at least one alpha decay.



Describe the minimum number of radioactive decay process(es) that U-238 must

go through to form an isotope of radon.

Three alpha decay processes and zero beta decay processes.

While working near a radioactive mine, workers usually wear heavy plastic suits.

These suits protect them from all but

gamma radiation.

14C → 14N

Beta particles are released during the radioactive decay. These negative particles are

attracted to the positive plate in the electric field.

Alpha Particles

Beta Particles

Gamma Radiation



List the types of radiation in order from least to most damaging.

Alpha < Beta < Gamma

Doctors use the radioactive isotope chromium-51 to label red blood cells in the

human body. Chromium-51 gives off relatively ______ alpha particles that can be

stopped by _______ .

weak; a sheet of paper.

,This radioactive particle, emitted from carbon-14, has a negative charge. It

contains sufficient energy to burn human skin and can pass through paper. It is

a(n) ___________ particle.

beta

Certain nuclear radiation that is passed through the electric field (above) is

deflected towards the red plate.



In what way is the nucleus changed by this type of decay?

A neutron is converted to a proton.

A beta and gamma source, Co-60, was placed in a chamber which was first lined

with paper and then, after, with copper and lead. A Geiger counter was used in

both cases to detect the emission of radiation. You expect

strong emissions when the chamber is paper lined; faint emissions when lead lined.

Most radiation is released as particles. Identify the type radiation that is not a

particle.

gamma

Patients with brain tumors may elect to have a procedure known as Gamma

Knife. In a typical Gamma Knife procedure gamma rays are directed toward a

tumor with contact to surrounding tissues.

gamma rays are high energy and may cause damage to healthy cells.

Problem: To determine what conditions change the amount of radiation received

from a radioactive source.

, Materials: Geiger counter, radioactive source for both beta particles and gamma

waves, aluminum, cardboard, and lead barriers



The Geiger counter probe was placed behind a frame that was capable of holding

sheets of various materials: cardboard, aluminum, and lead. The beta source and

the gamma wave source were placed on one side of the framework and the

Geiger counter probe on the other. An initial reading was made and recorded.

One sheet of cardboard was placed between the beta source and the probe, and a

reading was taken. More sheets were added, as noted in the data table, and

radiation readings were taken. The cardboard sheets were then replaced by

aluminum, and finally lead, in the same sequence as before.



Consider this experiment concerning penetration power of radioactive particles

and waves. In order for the data to be reliable and valid, what control(s) should be

specified in the experimental procedures?

distance radiation source is placed from barrier and duration of radioactive emissions

This electromagnetic wave has a very high penetrating power. It is emitted during

the decay of many radioactive isotopes, such as U-238 and I-131. It is a

__________ wave.

gamma

A reaction takes place, with the release of billions of joules of energy. Which of

these might have participated in the reaction?

the nucleus

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