Exam (elaborations)
Psych Nursing Exam 2.
Psych Nursing Exam 2.
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Psych Nursing Exam 2Which neurotransmitter is reduced in people with schizophrenia?
Dopamine
GABA
Acetylcholine
Serotonin - ANS-GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid)
Prenatal and perinatal factors that result in the onset of schizophrenia include:
viral infection
maternal depression
maternal smoking
exposure to toxic waste - ANS-viral infection
Alterations in which part of the brain are linked to hallucinations, delusions, and thought
disorders associated with schizophrenia?
Parietal lobe
Limbic system
Temporal lobe
Hypothalamus - ANS-temporal lobe
Which neurotransmitter receptors are blocked by antipsychotic drugs?
Norepinephrine
GABA
Serotonin
Dopamine - ANS-Dopamine
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system abnormalities exist in a large percentage
of individuals with:
schizophrenia
major depression
mania
panic disorder - ANS-major depression
From 20% to 30% of individuals with depression have dysregulated:
sleep cycles
pitutiary function
thyroid function
eating patterns - ANS-thyroid function
,The common property among the three types of medications used to treat depression is
that they:
increase neurotransmitter levels within the synapse
decrease neurotransmitter levels in the postsynapse.
decrease neurotransmitter levels within the synapse. - ANS-increase neurotransmitter
levels within the synapse
What is the link between major depression and cortisol secretion?
Individuals with depression show suppression of plasma cortisol when given
dexamethasone.
Individuals with depression have a decreased plasma cortisol level despite
administration of exogenous corticosteroids.
Individuals with depression continue to exhibit elevated plasma cortisol levels
throughout the evening and early morning.
Individuals with depression have normal plasma cortisol levels throughout the day when
they take antidepressant medication as prescribed. - ANS-Individuals with depression
continue to exhibit elevated plasma cortisol levels throughout the evening and early
morning.
A newly admitted patient diagnosed with schizophrenia is hypervigilant and constantly
scans the environment. The patient states, "I saw two doctors talking in the hall. They
were plotting to kill me." The nurse may correctly assess this behavior as:
echolalia
an idea of reference
a delusion of infidelity
an auditory hallucination - ANS-an idea of reference
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia says, "My co-workers are out to get me. I also
saw two doctors plotting to kill me." How does this patient perceive the environment?
Disorganized
Dangerous
Supportive
Bizarre - ANS-Dangerous
When a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia was discharged 6 months ago,
haloperidol (Haldol) was prescribed. The patient now says, "I stopped taking those pills.
,They made me feel like a robot." What are common side effects the nurse should
validate with the patient?
Sedation and muscle stiffness
Sweating, nausea, and diarrhea
Mild fever, sore throat, & skin rash
Headache, watery eyes, & runny nose - ANS-Sedation and muscle stiffness
Which hallucination necessitates the nurse to implement safety measures? The patient
says,
"I hear angels playing harps."
"The voices say everyone is trying to kill me."
"My dead father tells me I am a good person."
"The voices talk only at night when I'm trying to sleep." - ANS-"The voices say everyone
is trying to kill me."
A patient's care plan includes monitoring for auditory hallucinations. Which assessment
findings suggest the patient may be hallucinating?
Detachment and overconfidence
Darting eyes, tilted head, mumbling to self
Euphoric mood, hyperactivity, distractibility
Foot tapping and repeatedly writing the same phrase - ANS-Darting eyes, tilted head,
mumbling to self
A health care provider considers which antipsychotic medication to prescribe for a
patient diagnosed with schizophrenia who has auditory hallucinations and poor social
function. The patient is also overweight and hypertensive. Which drug should the nurse
advocate?
Clozapine
Ziprasidone
Olanzapine
Aripiprazole - ANS-Aripiprazole
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia tells the nurse, "I eat skiller. Tend to end. Easter.
It blows away. Get it?" Select the nurse's best response.
"Nothing you are saying is clear."
"Your thoughts are very disconnected."
, "Try to organize your thoughts and then tell me again."
"I am having difficulty understanding what you are saying." - ANS-"I am having difficulty
understanding what you are saying."
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia exhibits little spontaneous movement and
demonstrates waxy flexibility. Which patient needs are of priority importance?
Self-esteem
Psychological
Physiological
Self-Actualization - ANS-Physiological
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia demonstrates little spontaneous movement and
has waxy flexibility. The patient's activities of daily living are severely compromised. An
appropriate outcome would be that the patient will:
demonstrate increased interest in the environment by the end of week 1.
perform self-care activities with coaching by the end of day 3.
gradually take the initiative for self-care by the end of week 2.
accept tube feeding without objection by day 2. - ANS-perform self-care activities with
coaching by the end of day 3.
A nurse observes a catatonic patient standing immobile, facing the wall with one arm
extended in a salute. The patient remains immobile in this position for 15 minutes,
moving only when the nurse gently lowers the arm. What is the name of this
phenomenon?
Echolalia
Waxy flexibility
Depersonalization
Thought withdrawal - ANS-Waxy flexibility
A patient is experiencing delusions of persecution about being poisoned. The patient
has refused all hospital meals for 3 days. Which intervention is most likely to be
acceptable to the patient?
Allowing the patient supervised access to food vending machines
Allowing the patient to phone a local restaurant to deliver meals
Offering to taste each portion on the tray for the patient
Providing tube feedings or total parenteral nutrition - ANS-Allowing the patient
supervised access to food vending machines
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