Exam (elaborations)
Transgender Medicine Questions & answers
Transgender Medicine Questions & answers
[Show more]
Content preview
Transgender MedicineWhat is transgenderism? - ANS-- Transgender or trans means someone whose gender
differs from the one they were given when they were born
- Transgender people may identify as male or female, or they may feel that neither label
fits them (androgenous)
What is transsexual? - ANS-- People who transition from one sex to another
- A person born as a male can become recognizably female through the use of
hormones and/or surgical procedures and vice versa
- Transsexuals are unable to change their genetics and cannot acquire the reproductive
abilities of the sex to which they transition
What may contribute to a transgender identity? - ANS-- Prenatal hormone levels
- Genetics
- Early childhood experiences
- Etc.
What are the stages of individualized goals when it comes to transitioning? - ANS--
Perception of self
- Perceptions by others
- Hormonal therapy alterations
- Surgical alterations
The basic feedback of hormones: - ANS-- Hypothalamus releases GnRH onto the
anterior pituitary
- Anterior pituitary releases LH and FSH
- LH and FSH stimulated testosterone and estradiol release from the testes
- Testosterone and estradiol feed back negatively onto the hypothalamus and the
pituitary gland
What are the relative contraindications to estrogen therapy? - ANS-Require additional
evaluation and tx prior to initiation of estrogen...
- Hx of breast cancer
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cerebrovascular disease
- Severe liver dysfunction
- Pituitary prolactinoma - should be treated before starting estradiol therapy
, What are the feminizing effects of male-to-female treatment? - ANS-- Redistribution of
body fat
- Decrease in muscle mass and strength
- Softening of the skin/decrease oiliness
- Decreased libido
- Decreased spontaneous erections
- Variable levels of male sexual dysfunction
- Breast growth
- Decreased testicular volume
- Decrease sperm production
- Decreased terminal hair growth
- Scalp hair does NOT regrow
- Voice does NOT change
What are some patient priorities for transgender women? - ANS-- Priorities for many
women include elimination of facial hair growth, induction of breast formation, and a
more female fat/muscle distribution
- A reduction of the biological effects of androgens to normal female levels is required to
meet these goals
What is the approach to anti-androgen and estrogen use in Canada? - ANS--
Anti-androgens: spironolactone (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) is the most
widely used drug for MTF transition: it is a competitive inhibitor of the androgen
receptor, as well as an inhibitor of testicular steroidogenesis; the recommended dose is
100-400 mg/day (monitor K+ levels)
- Alternatives include GnRH agonists (given pre-pubertal) to prevent development of
male features
- Estrogen: the usual approach includes estrogen therapy to help suppress endogenous
androgen secretion and to replace it with estrogen, there is a wide range of estrogens
and routes of delivery from which to choose from
What estrogen options are available for trans-women? - ANS-- Transgender women
with intact testes will require relatively high doses of estrogens to suppress testosterone
into the female range, even with an adjunct anti-androgen agent
Typical regimens include:
- Transdermal (gel or patch): 100-200 mcg twice/week
- Oral: 2-4 mg/day, occasionally as high as 6 mg (7-beta estradiol is used most
commonly, but also conjugated estrogens)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EXAMQA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$16.07. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79976 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now