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WGU D115 Distributed Formative Assessment 3 (Latest 2023_ 2024) Advanced Pathophysiology
WGU D115 Distributed Formative Assessment 3 (Latest 2023_ 2024) Advanced Pathophysiology
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WGU D115 Distributed FormativeAssessment 3 (Latest 2023/ 2024)
Advanced Pathophysiology for the
Advanced Practice Nurse| Questions and
Verified Answers|100% Correct
Crohn disease can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the
oropharynx to the perianal area. Diseased segments frequently are separated by
intervening normal bowel, leading to the term "skip areas." Inflammation can be
transmural, often extending through to the serosa, resulting in sinus tracts or
fistula formation. - ANSWER-A patient presents to an advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) complaining of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and right lower
quadrant tenderness. Diagnostic tests reveal deficiencies in folic acid, vitamin D,
and calcium. The APRN suspects Crohn disease.
What is the pathological mechanism of this disorder?
Neutrophil infiltration of the crypts, which causes destructive abscess formation
Destruction of mucosal barrier caused by drugs or Helicobacter pylori infection
Acid and pepsin in the duodenum penetrating the mucosal barrier, which causes
ulceration
Decreased mucosal blood flow and hypersecretion of acid caused by
overstimulation of the vagal nuclei
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is an over
secretion of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland due to several reasons,
including prostate or renal cancers. When there is an over-secretion of ADH, it
causes the distal tubules and collecting duct to reabsorb water and hyper-dilute
the serum, causing a decreased serum sodium level, low serum osmolality, and
high urine osmolality. The patient then gains weight from the excess fluid. -
ANSWER-A patient with a history of prostate cancer is admitted with confusion,
thirst, nausea, oliguria, and abdominal cramping. The patient has gained 12 lb in
the last two weeks. Diagnostics include
, potassium: 4.1 mEq/L
sodium: 118 mEq/L
serum osmolality: 272 mOsm/kg H2O
increased urine osmolality
Which part of the nephron is affected by this endocrine disorder?
Distal tubule and collecting duct
Proximal tubule and descending loop
Glomerular capsule
Bowman capsule
Patients will have marked polyuria (> 4-5 L per day) after the release of bilateral
obstruction. The physiological factors include excess sodium and water retention
and accumulation of urea and other non-reabsorbable solutes, resulting in an
osmotic diuresis. - ANSWER-An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is
reviewing orders for a patient who passed a calculi, which relieved the condition
of compensatory hypertrophy. The APRN is aware that the patient will need to be
monitored closely due to a common condition associated with return to bilateral
function.
Which condition should the APRN anticipate?
Apoptosis
Post-obstructive diuresis
Renal colic
Hyperfunction
The most common symptom of esophageal cancer is a problem swallowing
(dysphagia), with a feeling like the food is stuck in the throat or chest or even
choking on food. Some people get a feeling of pressure or burning in the chest. -
ANSWER-A patient expresses concern to an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) about not being able to complete an entire meal without experiencing
acid reflux. The patient also reports new symptoms including chest pain and
dysphagia. The APRN suspects that the patient might have cancer.
Which type of cancer is the APRN concerned about?
Pancreatic
Colorectal
Esophageal
Stomach
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